I-shaft ejikelezayo (noma i-rotor) ikhiqiza ukudlidliza okudluliselwa ku-icala lokuhlukanisafutha bese kuba imishini ezungezile, amapayipi kanye nezinsiza. I-amplitude yokudlidliza ngokuvamile iyahluka ngesivinini sokujikeleza kwe-rotor/shaft. Ngesivinini esibucayi, i-amplitude yokudlidliza iba nkulu futhi i-shaft idlidliza ngokuzwakalayo. Ukungalingani nokungahambi kahle kuyizimbangela ezibalulekile zokudlidliza kwepompo. Kodwa-ke, kuneminye imithombo nezindlela zokudlidliza ezihambisana namaphampu.

Ukudlidliza, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokungalingani nokungalungi kahle, bekulokhu kugxilwa njalo kokukhathazeka ngokusebenza, ukusebenza, ukwethembeka nokuphepha kwamaphampu amaningi. Okubalulekile yindlela ehlelekile yokudlidliza, ukulinganisa, ukuqondanisa nokuqapha (ukuqapha ukudlidliza). Ucwaningo oluningi kuicala lokuhlukanisaukudlidliza kwephampu, ibhalansi, ukuqondanisa kanye nokuqapha isimo sokudlidliza kuyithiyori.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ikakhulukazi izici ezingokoqobo zokufaka isicelo somsebenzi kanye nezindlela nemithetho eyenziwe lula (yabaqhubi, onjiniyela bemishini nochwepheshe). Lesi sihloko sidingida ukudlidliza kumaphampu kanye nobunkimbinkimbi nobuqili bezinkinga ongahlangabezana nazo.

Vibrations ku Pisiheho

Hlukanisa icala pumpsasetshenziswa kakhulu emafektri nezinsiza zesimanje. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, kube nokuthambekela kumaphampu asheshayo, anamandla asebenza kangcono namazinga aphansi okudlidliza. Kodwa-ke, ukufeza lezi zinhloso eziyinselele, kuyadingeka ukucacisa kangcono, ukusebenzisa nokugcina amaphampu. Lokhu kuhumushela ekudizayineni okungcono, ukumodela, ukulingisa, ukuhlaziya, ukukhiqiza nokunakekela.

Ukudlidliza okweqile kungase kube inkinga ekhulayo noma uphawu lokwehluleka okuzayo. Ukudlidliza kanye nokushaqeka/umsindo okuhambisana nakho kubonakala njengomthombo wobunzima bokusebenza, izinkinga zokuthembeka, ukuphuka, ukungakhululeki nokukhathazeka ngokuphepha.

Vibrating Parts

Izici eziyisisekelo zokudlidliza kwe-rotor ngokuvamile zixoxwa ngokusekelwe kumafomula endabuko kanye nenziwe lula. Ngale ndlela, ukudlidliza kwe-rotor kungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili ngombono: ukudlidliza kwamahhala nokudlidliza okuphoqelelwe.

Ukudlidliza kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko, okuhle nokubi. Engxenyeni eya phambili, i-rotor ijikeleza endleleni ye-helical ezungeze i-axis ephethe isiqondiso sokujikeleza kwe-shaft. Ngokuphambene, ekudlidlizeni okunegethivu, isikhungo se-rotor sizungeza i-axis ethwalayo ibheke kolunye uhlangothi nokuzungeza kweshaft. Uma iphampu yakhiwe futhi isebenza kahle, ukudlidliza kwamahhala kuvame ukubola ngokushesha, okwenza ukudlidliza okuphoqelelwe kube inkinga enkulu.

Kunezinselelo ezahlukene kanye nobunzima ekuhlaziyeni ukudlidliza, ukuqapha ukudlidliza kanye nokuqonda kwakho. Ngokuvamile, njengoba imvamisa yokudlidliza ikhula, kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukubala/ukuhlaziya ukuhlobana phakathi kokudlidliza nokufundwa kokuhlola/kwangempela ngenxa yomumo wemodi eyinkimbinkimbi.

Iphampu yangempela kanye ne-Resonance

Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zamaphampu, njengalawo anekhono eliguquguqukayo lesivinini, akwenzeki ukuklama nokwenza iphampu enemajini ezwakalayo ngokuzwakalayo phakathi kwakho konke ukuphazamiseka okungaba khona kwezikhathi (iziciko) nazo zonke izindlela zemvelo ezingaba khona zokudlidliza..

Izimo ezinomsindo ngokuvamile azinakugwenywa, njengamadrayivu esivinini esishintshashintshayo (VSD) noma izinjini zesitimu esishintshashintshayo, izinjini zegesi nezinjini. Empeleni, isethi yepompo kufanele ilinganiswe ngokufanele ukuze i-resonance. Ezinye izimo ze-resonance aziyona ingozi ngenxa, ngokwesibonelo, ukudambisa okuphezulu okubandakanyeka kumamodi.

Kwezinye izimo, izindlela zokunciphisa ezifanele kufanele zenziwe. Enye indlela yokunciphisa iwukunciphisa imithwalo evusa amadlingozi esebenza kumamodi okudlidliza. Isibonelo, amandla avusa amadlingozi ngenxa yokungalingani kanye nokuhluka kwengxenye yesisindo kungancishiswa ngokulinganisa okufanele. Lawa mandla avusa amadlingozi angancishiswa ngo-70% ukuya ku-80% ukusuka kumazinga asekuqaleni/avamile.

Ukuze uthole injabulo yangempela empompini (i-resonance yangempela), isiqondiso se-excitation kufanele sihambisane nesimo semodi yemvelo ukuze imodi yemvelo ingajatshuliswa yilo mthwalo wokuvusa (noma isenzo). Ezimweni eziningi, uma isiqondiso sokuvusa singafani nesimo semodi yemvelo, kukhona ithuba lokuhlala ndawonye ne-resonance. Isibonelo, ama-excitation agobayo ngokuvamile awakwazi ukujatshuliswa imvamisa yemvelo ye-torsion. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungase kube khona ama-resonances ahlangene we-torsional transverse. Amathuba alezi zimo ezingavamile noma ezingavamile kufanele ahlolwe ngendlela efanele.

Icala elibi kakhulu le-resonance ukuhlangana komumo wemodi yemvelo nejabulile ngemvamisa efanayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ukuthobela okuthile kwanele ukuze isasasa lijabulise umumo wemodi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo zokuhlanganisa eziyinkimbinkimbi zingase zibe khona lapho isasasa elithile lizovusa izindlela ezingenakwenzeka ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezihambisanayo zokudlidliza. Ngokuqhathanisa amamodi e-excitation kanye nomumo wemodi yemvelo, umbono ungakheka noma ngabe ukuvuswa kwemvamisa ethile noma i-harmonic order kuyingozi/kuyingozi kwipompo. Umuzwa ongokoqobo, ukuhlola okunembile, nokuhlola izithenjwa izindlela zokuhlola ubungozi ezimeni ze-resonance yetiyori.

Ukungalungi

Ukungaqondi kahle kuwumthombo omkhulu weicala lokuhlukanisaukudlidliza kwephampu. Ukunemba kokuqondanisa okulinganiselwe kwama-shafts nama-couplings ngokuvamile kuyinselele ebalulekile. Kuvame ukuba nama-offsets amancane omugqa wesikhungo se-rotor (i-radial offset) kanye nokuxhumana nama-angular offsets, isibonelo ngenxa ye-non-perpendicular mating flanges. Ngakho-ke kuzohlale kukhona ukudlidliza okuthile ngenxa yokungaqondani kahle.

Lapho ama-halves ahlanganisayo eboshelwe ndawonye ngenkani, ukuzungeza kwe-shaft kukhiqiza amandla amabili ajikelezayo ngenxa ye-radial offset kanye nezikhathi zokugoba ezijikelezayo ngenxa yokungaqondani kahle. Ngokungaqondani kahle, la mandla ajikelezayo azokwenzeka kabili ngokuphenduka kwe-shaft/rotor futhi isici sesivinini sokudlidliza siphindwe kabili isivinini se-shaft.

Kumaphampu amaningi, ibanga lejubane lokusebenza kanye/noma ama-harmonics alo aphazamisa isivinini esibalulekile (imvamisa yemvelo). Ngakho-ke, inhloso ukugwema ama-resonances ayingozi, izinkinga kanye nokungasebenzi kahle. Ukuhlolwa kwengozi okuhlobene kusekelwe ekulingiseni okufanele nolwazi lokusebenza.