Ukuze amaphampu eturbine aqondile angaphansi kwamanzi enkonzweni, sincoma ukusebenzisa izinsimbi zengcindezi yendawo ukusiza ekulungiseni okubikezelwayo nokuxazulula inkinga.

Pump Operating Point

Amaphampu aklanyelwe ukufeza futhi asebenze ngokugeleza komklamo ocacisiwe kanye nokucindezela okuhlukile / ikhanda. Ukusebenza phakathi kuka-10% kuya ku-15% we-Best Efficiency Point (BEP) kunciphisa ukudlidliza okuhambisana namandla angaphakathi angalinganiseli. Qaphela ukuthi ukuchezuka kwephesenti ukusuka ku-BEP kukalwa ngokugeleza kwe-BEP. Uma ipompo iqhubeka nokusebenza kusuka ku-BEP, iyancipha ukwethembeka kwayo.

Ijika lepompo liwukusebenza kwemishini lapho kungekho nkinga, futhi indawo yokusebenza yepompo esebenza kahle ingabikezelwa ngokucindezela kokudonsa kanye nokucindezela kokukhipha noma ukugeleza. Uma okokusebenza kwehluleka, yomithathu imingcele engenhla kumele yaziwe ukuze kutholwe ukuthi iyini inkinga ngepompo. Nokho, ngaphandle kokulinganisa amanani angenhla, kunzima ukunquma ukuthi ingabe ikhona yini inkinga nge-submersible. iphampu ye-turbine eqondile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufaka imitha yokugeleza kanye nezikali zokudonsa nokukhipha ingcindezi.

Uma izinga lokugeleza kanye nengcindezi/ikhanda elihlukile sekwaziwa, zihlele kugrafu. Iphoyinti elihleliwe cishe lizoba seduze nejika lepompo. Uma kunjalo, unganquma ngokushesha ukuthi kukude kangakanani ne-BEP okokusebenza okusebenzayo. Uma leli phuzu lingaphansi kwejika lepompo, kunganqunywa ukuthi iphampu ayisebenzi ngendlela eklanywe ngayo futhi ingase ibe nohlobo oluthile lomonakalo wangaphakathi.

Uma iphampu ihlale isebenza kwesokunxele se-BEP yayo, ingase ibhekwe njengenkulu kakhulu futhi izixazululo ezingaba khona zihlanganisa ukusika i-impeller.

Uma ipompo ye-turbine emile engaphansi kwamanzi ivamise ukugijima iye kwesokudla se-BEP yayo, ingase ibhekwe njengencane kakhulu. Izixazululo ezingenzeka zihlanganisa ukukhulisa ububanzi be-impeller, ukwandisa isivinini sepompo, ukudonsa i-valve yokukhipha noma ukufaka esikhundleni sepompo okuklanyelwe ukukhiqiza izinga eliphezulu lokugeleza. Ukusebenzisa iphampu eduze ne-BEP yayo kungenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka okuphezulu.

Inhloko Yokumunca Okuhle

I-Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) isilinganiso sokuthambekela koketshezi ukuthi luhlale luwuketshezi. Uma i-NPSH inguziro, uketshezi lukucindezelo lwalo lomhwamuko noma endaweni yokubila. Ijika le-Net Positive Suction Head Required (NPSHr) lepompo elimaphakathi lichaza ikhanda lokumunca elidingekayo ukuze kuvinjwe uketshezi ukuthi lungahwamuki lapho ludlula endaweni yokucindezela okuphansi embotsheni yokudonsa i-impeller.

Ikhanda elitholakalayo elitholakalayo lokumunca eliphozithivu (NPSHHa) kumele libe likhulu noma lilingane ne-NPSHr ukuvimbela i-cavitation - isenzakalo lapho amabhamuza akheka endaweni yokucindezela okuphansi endaweni yokudonsa i-impeller abese ewa ngobudlova endaweni yokucindezela okukhulu, okubangela ukuchitheka kwezinto kanye ukudlidliza kwepompo, okungase kuholele ekuhlulekeni kophawu lokuzala nemishini engxenyeni encane yomjikelezo wabo wempilo ojwayelekile. Ngamazinga okugeleza aphezulu, amanani e-NPSHr ejikeni lephampu ye-turbine eqondile engaphansi kwamanzi akhuphuka kakhulu.

Igeji yokudonsa ingcindezi iyindlela esebenzayo nenembayo yokukala i-NPSha. Kunezizathu eziningi ezahlukene ze-NPSha ephansi. Nokho, izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ulayini wokumunca ovalekile, ivalvu yokumunca evalwe kancane, nesihlungi sokumunca esivalekile. Futhi, ukusebenzisa iphampu kwesokudla se-BEP yayo kuzonyusa i-NPSHr yephampu. Igeji ye-suction pressure gauge ingafakwa ukusiza umsebenzisi ukuthi abone inkinga.

Izihlungi Zokudonsa

Amaphampu amaningi asebenzisa izihlungi zokumunca ukuvimbela izinto zangaphandle ukuthi zingangeni futhi zilimaze i-impeller kanye ne-volute. Inkinga ukuthi ziyavala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lapho zivala, ukwehla kwengcindezi kuwo wonke isihlungi kuyanda, okunciphisa i-NPSHa. Igeji yesibili yokudonsa ingcindezi ingasethwa phezulu nesihlungi ukuze siqhathaniswe nesilinganiso somfutho wephampu ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi isihlungi sivalekile yini. Uma ama-gauge amabili engakwazi ukufunda ngendlela efanayo, kuyacaca ukuthi kukhona ukuxhunywa kwesihlungi.

Seal Support Pressure Monitoring

Nakuba izigxivizo zemishini zingahlali ziyimbangela eyinhloko, zibhekwa kabanzi njengendawo evamile yokwehluleka kwamaphampu eturbine amile angaphansi kwamanzi. Izinhlelo zamapayipi zokusekela uphawu lwe-API zisetshenziselwa ukugcina ukugcotshwa okufanele, izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi kanye/noma ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali. Ukugcina uhlelo lwamapayipi kubalulekile ekukhuliseni ukwethembeka. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwesistimu yokusekela uphawu. Ukugezwa kwangaphandle, ukucisha isitimu, amabhodwe okuvala uphawu, amasistimu okuhambisa amanzi kanye namaphaneli egesi kufanele konke kufakwe izikali zokucindezela.

Isiphetho

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi angaphansi kuka-30% wamaphampu aphakathi nendawo afakwe amageji engcindezi yokumunca. Kodwa-ke, alikho inani lezinsimbi elingavimbela ukwehluleka kwemishini uma idatha inganakwa futhi ingasetshenzisiwe ngendlela efanele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphrojekthi entsha noma iphrojekthi ye-retrofit, ukufakwa kwezinsimbi ezifanele ezisendaweni kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga ngendlela efanele kanye nokunakekela okubikezelwayo kumishini ebalulekile.