Njengamanje, ukuphatha okuhle kuye kwamukelwa abaphathi abaningi ngokwengeziwe. Ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ekugcinweni kwansuku zonke kwemishini yokupompa, kuyindlela yokuphatha, kufanele ilethwe emkhakheni wokuphatha okuhle. Futhi imishini futha umshini njengoba isayensi nobuchwepheshe imizimba, iyona umkhiqizo main ukukhiqizwa kwemishini kanye nemishini. Ngakho-ke, imishini eyimishini idlala indima engenakushintshwa ekukhiqizeni. Futhi iba amandla okuncintisana webhizinisi wesimanje kanye nendawo yesithombe sebhizinisi. Indlela yokuqedela umsebenzi wokukhiqiza ngesikhathi, ngekhwalithi enhle nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ngaphezu kwepompo yemishini yesayensi nenengqondo, ikakhulukazi kuncike ekusebenzeni komsindo wemishini yepompo.

1. thuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwemishini nemishini, naka ukusebenza kahle komnotho

Ngaphansi kwezimo zenkinga yezezimali yamanje, imishini yesimanje ibaluleke kakhulu. Izindleko zokutshala imali nokusetshenziswa kwemishini zibiza kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyaphuthuma ukwenza ngcono inzuzo yezomnotho yokuphathwa kwemishini futhi unake umphumela wokusebenza. Umsebenzi omuhle kuphela wokulungisa imishini yephampu, ongathuthukisa izinga lobuqotho bemishini, izinga lokusetshenziswa, ngaleyo ndlela wehlise izindleko zokulungiswa komjikelezo wokuphila kwemishini nezinye izindleko ezingavamile, wehlise izindleko zokusebenzisa, welule impilo yesevisi, futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokutshalwa kwezimali. Ngomqondo owandisiwe wemishini, okokusebenza kuwukutshalwa kwezimali okwesikhathi esisodwa, kuyilapho ukunakekelwa kungokwesikhathi eside. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imali encane yesondlo inganciphisa umjikelezo wokubuyisela imishini. Ngokwaleli phuzu lokubuka, ukugcinwa kwesondlo nakho kuwukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nenzuzo eyengeziwe.

2. Sebenzisa uhlelo lwe-"TPM" ukuze uthole ireferensi futhi usebenzise "Isiqiniseko Esiqinile kanye Nesistimu Yokuzibophezela Yokuphathwa Kweqembu"

Yini i-TPM

I-TPM isho "ukukhiqizwa nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi ngokugcwele", okwabekwa phambili amaJapane ngeminyaka yawo-1970. Kuyimodi yokukhiqiza neyokulungisa eneqhaza eligcwele labasebenzi. Amaphuzu ayo asemqoka "ukukhiqiza nokunakekela" kanye "nokuhlanganyela ngokugcwele kwabasebenzi". Thuthukisa ukusebenza kwemishini ngokusungula umsebenzi wokulungisa umhlaba wonke obandakanya abasebenzi. Isiphakamiso se-TPM sisekelwe ohlelweni lokukhiqiza nokunakekela lwase-United States, futhi sithatha ubunjiniyela bemishini edidiyelwe yase-United Kingdom. Ngenxa yezimo ezihlukene zikazwelonke, i-TPM iqondwa njengokusetshenziswa kokukhiqiza nokugcinwa kwemisebenzi okuhlanganisa nabaqhubi ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza okuphelele kwemishini.

I-TPEM: Isamba Sokuphathwa Kwezisetshenziswa Ezikhiqizayo kusho Ukuphathwa Kwezisetshenziswa Zokukhiqiza Isamba. Lona umbono omusha wokulungisa othuthukiswe yi-International TPM Association. Isekelwe ezicini zesiko elingewona amaJapane. Kwenza ukufakwa kwe-TPM efekthri kube yimpumelelo. Ihlukile ku-TPM e-Japan, ivumelana nezimo. Ngamanye amazwi, unganquma okuqukethwe kwe-TPM ngokwesidingo sangempela semishini yezitshalo, okungase kushiwo ukuthi kuyindlela eguquguqukayo.

Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yisondlo esiyisibopho

Kungumthetho oqinile futhi osheshayo wokunakekela, futhi kufanele wenziwe ngaleso sikhathi. Izinga lobuqotho kanye nempilo yesevisi yemishini eyimishini incike kakhulu kwikhwalithi yomsebenzi wokulungisa. Uma ukunganakwa kokulungiswa kobuchwepheshe bemishini, ezinkingeni zemishini ngaphambi kokuyilungisa, nakanjani kuzoholela ekugugelekeni nasekudabukeni kwemishini, kufinyeze ukuphila, kwandise ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto, futhi kubeke engozini ukuphepha komkhiqizo. Thatha iphampu yokudlulisa indle ngaphandle kwesiteshi seNyunyana njengesibonelo, ukuvala shaqa ngakunye kunciphisa umthamo wokuthuthwa kwendle ngaphandle ngo-250m3/h, okuzodala ukushoda kwendle nendle okuphuma ngaphandle esiteshini seNyunyana, okungathinti nje kuphela okuvamile. ukukhiqizwa kwesiteshi seNyunyana, kodwa futhi kwandisa ubunzima ekulawuleni ukukhiqizwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indle yangaphandle izophinde ibangele ukulimala kwemvelo.

Okubizwa nge-group accountability system

Incike kakhulu esisebenzini ukuthi sithole inkinga ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke, sisingatha inkinga, ukulungiswa okuncane kanye nenyunyana enkulu yokulungisa, umkhawulo omkhulu uphakamisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini yemishini.

3. ukugcinwa kwemishini yokupompa nsuku zonke.

Ukugcinwa kwemishini yephampu nsuku zonke kuwumsebenzi oyisisekelo wokugcinwa kwemishini, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwemishini nemishini itshe legumbi eliqinile. Ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke kwezinto zokusebenza kuvamise ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke nokugcinwa kwamazinga amaningi. Ekulungiseni okuvamile kwansuku zonke, kufanele kuhambisane nalokhu: kuhlanzekile, kucocekile, ukuthambisa, ukubopha, ukulungisa, ukugqwala, ukuphepha ukusebenza kwamagama ayi-14.

3.1 isondlo sansuku zonke

Ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke kuzokwenziwa abaqhubi bemishini abasemsebenzini. Ngaphambi kokushintsha, hlola irekhodi le-shift, hlola izinto zokusebenza futhi uhlole imingcele yokukhiqiza. Phakathi nenqubo, lalela umsindo ogijimayo, zwa izinga lokushisa lezinto zokusebenza, bheka ukuthi ingcindezi yokukhiqiza, izinga le-liquid, isignali yensimbi ayijwayelekile yini.

Bhekana nezinkinga emsebenzini ngaphambi kokuphuma emsebenzini, gcwalisa irekhodi leshifu kanye nerekhodi lemishini yokusebenza, futhi uphathe izinqubo zokudlulisa.

3.2 Ukugcinwa kwamazinga amaningi

Ukugcinwa kwezigaba eziningi kwenziwa ngokuya kwesikhathi sokusebenza esiqoqwayo semishini. Imishini yephampu yekhompyutha encane isetshenziswa ngokwalokhu okulandelayo: ukunqwabelana okugijima 240h ukugcinwa kwezinga lokuqala, ukunqwabelana okugijima 720h ukugcinwa kwezinga lesibili, okunqwabelanayo okugijima 1000h ukugcinwa kwezinga lesithathu. Imishini yokumpompa yomshini oyinhloko ihambisana noku: ukusebenzisa ngokunqwabelene ukugcinwa kwezinga lokuqala okungu-1000h, isebenzisa ngokunqwabelene ukugcinwa kwezinga lesibili elingu-3000h, isebenzisa ngokunqwabelene ukugcinwa kwezinga lesithathu okungu-10000h.

(1) Hlola ukubukeka. Izingxenye zokudlulisela kanye nezingxenye eziveziwe, akukho ukugqwala, indawo ezungezile ehlanzekile.

(2) Hlola ingxenye yokudlulisela. Hlola isimo sobuchwepheshe sengxenye ngayinye, qinisa ingxenye exekethile, lungisa imvume efanelekile, hlola isimo sokugqoka sokuthwala nokuthwala i-bushing, hlola futhi ubeke esikhundleni sepuleti lebhalansi, indandatho yomlomo kanye ne-impeller, njll., ukuze uzuze okuvamile, okuphephile nomsindo wokudlulisa othembekile.

(3) Hlola ukugcoba. Hlola ukuthi izinkomba zokusebenza zamafutha okugcoba namafutha afanelekile yini, noma ngabe isihlungi sivinjiwe noma singcolile, engeza uwoyela omusha ngokwezinga lamafutha ethangi likawoyela noma ushintshe uwoyela ngokuya ngekhwalithi yemikhiqizo kawoyela. Ukuze uzuze amafutha ahlanzekile, abushelelezi, akukho ukuvuza, akukho ukulimaza.

(4) Uhlelo lukagesi. Sula i-motor, hlola amatheminali ezintambo ekhebula le-motor kanye ne-power supply, hlola ukugquma kanye nomhlabathi, ukuze kuphelele, kuhlanzeke, kuqine futhi kuthembeke.

(5) Ipayipi lokulungisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza kwe-valve, ukushintsha kuyavumelana nezimo, isihlungi sivinjiwe.

4. thuthukisa izinga lokulungisa imishini yephampu.

Ukuze uthuthukise izinga lokugcinwa kwemishini yemishini, ingenziwa ngezinyathelo ezimbili:

(1) Emsebenzini wokulondoloza ukuze kuzuzwe ngokuyisisekelo ezintathu, okungukuthi, ukumisa, ubuchwepheshe, izikhungo. Ukumisa ukuhlanganisa okuqukethwe kokulungisa, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezingxenye, ukulungiswa kwezingxenye, ukuhlolwa kwedivayisi nokunye okuqukethwe okuthile, ngokuya nezici zokukhiqiza zebhizinisi ngalinye ukuthuthukisa izinhlinzeko ezihambisanayo. Inqubo ihambisana nemishini ehlukene ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinqubo zokulungisa ezehlukene, ngokuya ngezinqubo zokunakekela. I-Institutionalization iwukubeka umjikelezo wokunakekela ohlukene kanye nesikhathi sokuyilungisa ngokwezimo zokusebenza ezihlukene zemishini ehlukene kanye nokuzisebenzisa ngokuqinile.

(2) Uhlelo lwenkontileka yokulondoloza. Ukugcinwa kwemishini kungavunyelwa. Izisebenzi zokunakekela ziyokwenza umsebenzi wokulungisa izinto zokusebenza endaweni ethile yokukhiqiza, zisebenze ndawonye nabaqhubi bokukhiqiza ekunakekeleni kwansuku zonke, ukuhlola ukuvakasha, ukunakekelwa okuvamile, ukulungisa okuhleliwe nokuxazulula izinkinga, njll., futhi baqinisekise izinga lobuqotho bemishini nezinye izinkomba zokuhlola zabenzi benkontileka. isikhundla, ezixhumene nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kanye nebhonasi. Uhlelo lwenkontileka yokulungisa luyindlela enhle yokuqinisa insizakalo yokulungiswa kwemishini ukuze kukhiqizwe, kuvuse umdlandla wabasebenzi bezokulungisa kanye nesinyathelo sabasebenzi abakhiqizayo.

Emabhizinisini esimanje ezimboni, imishini ingakhombisa ngqo idigri yesimanje kanye nezinga lokuphatha lebhizinisi, ibambe isikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni nasekuphatheni inqubo yebhizinisi, futhi idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwikhwalithi, okukhiphayo, izindleko zokukhiqiza, umsebenzi. ukuqedwa, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nemvelo yomshini womuntu wemikhiqizo yebhizinisi. Ngakho-ke, imishini ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekusindeni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamabhizinisi okukhiqiza kanye nokuncintisana kwemakethe. Umsebenzi wokulungiswa kwemishini uhlobene eduze nokukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwebhizinisi kanye nezinzuzo, ikakhulukazi imishini yamanje yebhizinisi ivuselelwa njalo, ukunemba okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, imishini ye-automation iyanda, ngaphezulu kubonisa ukubaluleka kokugcinwa kwemishini nomsebenzi wokulungisa.

Ukuqaliswa kokuphathwa kwenhlawulo wushintsho ukusuka ekuphatheni okubanzi kuya ekulawuleni okujulile. Ingabe lokhu kuguquguquka akubonisi ukuvela kwemibono?

Ukuphathwa okucolisisiwe kwemishini nokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kuwumsebenzi wesikhathi eside, ukusebenza kwepompo yomshini kuye kwathuthukiswa, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kuyinto engenakugwenywa, ibhizinisi aligcini nje ngokuqhubeka nokujula, ukukhuthaza, kodwa futhi liqhubeke basebenzise izinzuzo kanye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle, ukuze bazenzele. Ukusebenzisa njalo ukuhlaziya okucolisisiwe nokuhlela ukushintsha isu labo lokuphatha ukuze livumelane nezinguquko nokuncintisana kwendawo yangaphandle.

Abadala bathi: "inzuzo inkulu kunokwelapha, umonakalo mkhulu kunesiphithiphithi". Ithimba lizinzile, kanjalo nokuphathwa kwephampu, kuyisisekelo sentuthuko esimeme yamabhizinisi. Lona futhi umsebenzi wokugcinwa kwepompo yomshini, ukonga amandla kanye nomsebenzi wokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-essence.