Gada Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Nezinguquko Zesistimu

Ukulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesistimu yokumpompa kungaba lula kakhulu. Ukufaka nje imitha phambi komugqa oyinhloko onikeza amandla kulo lonke uhlelo lokumpompa kuzobonisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzo zonke izingxenye zikagesi ohlelweni, njengezinjini, izilawuli nama-valve.

Esinye isici esibalulekile sokuqapha amandla esistimu ukuthi ingabonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kushintsha kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isistimu elandela umjikelezo wokukhiqiza ingase ibe nezikhathi ezimisiwe lapho isebenzisa amandla amaningi kanye nezikhathi zokungenzi lutho lapho isebenzisa amandla amancane. Into engcono kakhulu amamitha kagesi angayenza ukunciphisa izindleko zamandla ukusivumela ukuthi sinyakazise umjikelezo wokukhiqiza wemishini ukuze isebenzise amandla aphansi kakhulu ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Lokhu akukwehlisi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kodwa kungehlisa izindleko zamandla ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu.

Isu Lokuhlela

Indlela engcono ukufaka izinzwa, amaphuzu okuhlola, nezinsimbi ezindaweni ezibucayi ukuze kuqashwe isimo salo lonke uhlelo. Idatha ebalulekile enikezwe yilezi zinzwa ingasetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningi. Okokuqala, izinzwa zingabonisa ukugeleza, ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa kanye neminye imingcele ngesikhathi sangempela. Okwesibili, le datha ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ukulawulwa komshini ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe iphutha lomuntu elingafika nokulawula okwenziwa ngesandla. Okwesithathu, idatha ingaqoqwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze kuboniswe amathrendi okusebenza.

Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela - Misa izindawo ezimisiwe zezinzwa ukuze zikwazi ukucupha ama-alamu lapho imingcele yeqiwe. Isibonelo, inkomba yokucindezela okuphansi emugqeni wokumunca iphampu ingakhala i-alamu ukuvimbela uketshezi ekuhwameni epompo. Uma kungekho mpendulo phakathi nesikhathi esinqunyiwe, isilawuli sivala iphampu ukuvimbela umonakalo. Izikimu zokulawula ezifanayo zingaphinda zisetshenziselwe izinzwa ezikhala amasiginali we-alamu esimweni samazinga okushisa aphezulu noma ukudlidliza okuphezulu.

Imishini ezenzakalelayo yokulawula - Kukhona ukuqhubeka kwemvelo ukusuka ekusebenziseni izinzwa ukuqapha amaphuzu asethiwe kuya ekusebenziseni izinzwa ukulawula imishini ngokuqondile. Isibonelo, uma umshini usebenzisa i icala lokuhlukanisa iphampu ye-centrifugal ukuze ijikeleze amanzi okupholisa, inzwa yezinga lokushisa ingathumela isignali kusilawuli esilawula ukugeleza. Isilawuli singashintsha isivinini semoto eshayela iphampu noma sishintshe isenzo se-valve ukuze sifane ne iphampu ye-centrifugal yecala lokuhlukanisaUkugeleza kwezidingo zokupholisa. Ekugcineni inhloso yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla iyafezeka.

Izinzwa nazo zinika amandla ukunakekelwa okubikezelwayo. Uma umshini wehluleka ngenxa yesihlungi esivalekile, uchwepheshe noma umakhenikha kufanele aqale aqinisekise ukuthi umshini uvaliwe bese evala/emaka umshini ukuze isihlungi sihlanzeke ngokuphephile noma sishintshwe. Lesi isibonelo sokulungiswa okusebenzayo - ukuthatha isinyathelo sokulungisa iphutha ngemva kokwenzeka, ngaphandle kwesixwayiso sangaphambili. Izihlungi zidinga ukushintshwa njalo, kodwa ukuncika ezikhathini ezijwayelekile kungase kungasebenzi.

Kulesi simo, amanzi adlula isihlungi angase angcole kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe futhi isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, isici sokuhlunga kufanele sishintshwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi esihleliwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukushintsha izihlungi ohlelweni kungaba ukumosha. Uma amanzi adlula esihlungini ehlanzeke ngendlela engavamile isikhathi eside, isihlungi singase sidinge ukushintshwa ngemva kwamaviki athile kunokuhleliwe.

I-crux yendaba ukuthi ukusebenzisa izinzwa ukuqapha umehluko wengcindezi kuso sonke isihlungi kungabonisa kahle ukuthi isihlungi sidinga ukushintshwa nini. Eqinisweni, ukufundwa kwengcindezi ehlukile kungasetshenziswa futhi ezingeni elilandelayo, ukugcinwa kokubikezela.

Ukuqoqwa kwedatha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi - Ukubuyela emuva kusistimu yethu esanda kwethulwa, uma yonke into isinikwe amandla, isilungisiwe futhi yalungiswa kahle, izinzwa zinikeza ukufundwa okuyisisekelo kwakho konke ukucindezela, ukugeleza, izinga lokushisa, ukudlidliza namanye amapharamitha okusebenza. Kamuva, singaqhathanisa ukufundwa kwamanje nenani elingcono kakhulu ukuze sinqume ukuthi izingxenye zigugile kangakanani noma ukuthi isistimu ishintshe kangakanani (njengesihlungi esivalekile).

Ukufundwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuzogcina kuchezukile enanini lesisekelo elisethwe ekuqaleni. Lapho ukufundwa kudlula imikhawulo enqunywe kusengaphambili, kungase kubonise ukwehluleka okuzayo, noma okungenani isidingo sokungenelela. Lokhu ukulungisa okubikezelwayo - ukwazisa opharetha ngaphambi kokuba ukwehluleka kuseduze.

Isibonelo esivamile ukuthi sifaka izinzwa zokudlidliza (ama-accelerometer) ezindaweni ezithwele (noma ezihlalweni ezinezihlalo) zamaphampu nama-motor wecala elihlukanisayo le-centrifugal. Ukuguga okuvamile kwemishini ezungezayo noma ukusebenza kwephampu ngaphandle kwemingcele ebekwe umenzi kungase kubangele izinguquko kufrikhwensi noma ubukhulu bokudlidliza okujikelezayo, ngokuvamile okubonisa njengokwenyuka kobukhulu bokudlidliza. Ochwepheshe bangahlola amasignali okudlidliza ekuqaleni ukuze banqume ukuthi ayamukeleka yini futhi bacacise amanani abalulekile abonisa isidingo sokunakwa. Lawa manani angahlelwa kusofthiwe yokulawula ukuthumela isignali ye-alamu lapho okukhiphayo kwenzwa kufinyelela emikhawulweni ebalulekile.

Ekuqaleni, i-accelerometer inikeza inani lesisekelo sokudlidliza elingagcinwa kumemori yokulawula. Uma amanani esikhathi sangempela egcina efinyelele imikhawulo enqunywe kusengaphambili, umshini ulawula ukwazisa isisebenzisi ukuthi isimo sidinga ukuhlolwa. Kunjalo, izinguquko ezinzima ezingazelelwe ekudlidlizeni zingase futhi zixwayise opharetha ngokwehluleka okungenzeka.

Ochwepheshe abaphendula kuwo womabili ama-alamu bangase bathole iphutha elilula, elifana nebhawudi elikhwezayo elixegayo, elingabangela iphampu noma imoto ukuthi isuke phakathi nendawo. Ukubeka kabusha iyunithi phakathi nokuqinisa wonke amabhawudi akhwezayo kungase kube ukuphela kwezenzo ezidingekayo. Ngemuva kokuthi isistimu iqale kabusha, ukufundwa kokudlidliza kwesikhathi sangempela kuzobonisa ukuthi inkinga ilungisiwe yini. Kodwa-ke, uma iphampu noma ama-motor bearings alimala, kusengadingeka esinye isinyathelo sokulungisa. Kodwa futhi, ngenxa yokuthi izinzwa zinikeza isexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi sezinkinga ezingaba khona, zingahlolwa futhi zihlehliswe isikhathi kuze kube sekupheleni koshintsho, lapho kuhlelwa ukuvala shaqa, noma lapho ukukhiqizwa kuhanjiswa kwamanye amaphampu noma amasistimu.

Okungaphezu nje kokuzenzakalela nokwethembeka

Izinzwa zibekwe ngendlela ehlelekile kulo lonke uhlelo futhi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, imisebenzi yokusekela kanye nokugcinwa kokuqagela. Futhi bangabhekisisa ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza kanjani ukuze bakwazi ukulukhulisa, benze isistimu iyonke isebenzise amandla kakhudlwana.

Eqinisweni, ukusebenzisa leli su ohlelweni olukhona kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokudalula amaphampu noma izingxenye ezinegumbi elibalulekile lokuthuthukiswa.