I-shaft ejikelezayo (okanye i-rotor) yenza ii-vibrations ezithunyelwa kwi-ityala lokwahlulaimpompo kwaye emva koko kwizixhobo ezingqongileyo, imibhobho kunye nezibonelelo. I-Vibration amplitude ngokubanzi iyahluka kunye nesantya se-rotor / shaft yokujikeleza. Ngesantya esibalulekileyo, i-vibration amplitude iba nkulu kwaye i-shaft ingcangcazela kwi-resonance. Ukungalingani kunye nokungahambi kakuhle zizizathu ezibalulekileyo zokungcangcazela kwempompo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho eminye imithombo kunye neendlela zokungcangcazela ezinxulumene neepompo.

I-Vibration, ngokukodwa ngenxa yokungalingani kunye nokungahambi kakuhle, ibe yinto egxininisekileyo yokukhathazeka ngokusebenza, ukusebenza, ukuthembeka kunye nokukhuselwa kweepompo ezininzi. Undoqo yindlela ecwangcisiweyo yokungcangcazela, ukulungelelanisa, ulungelelwaniso kunye nokubeka iliso (ukujongisa ukungcangcazela). Uninzi lophando kwiityala lokwahlulaukungcangcazela kwempompo, ibhalansi, ulungelelwaniso kunye nokujongwa kwemeko yokungcangcazela kuyithiyori.

Ingqwalasela eyodwa kufuneka ihlawulwe kwimiba ebonakalayo yesicelo somsebenzi kunye neendlela nemithetho eyenziwe lula (kubasebenzi, iinjineli zeplanti kunye neengcali). Eli nqaku lixoxa ngokungcangcazela kwiimpompo kunye nobugocigoci kunye nobuqili beengxaki onokuhlangabezana nazo.

Vibrations kwi Pisithiyelo

Ityala lokwahlula pumpszisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiifektri zanamhlanje kunye nezibonelelo. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, bekukho umkhwa oya kwiimpompo ezikhawulezayo, ezinamandla ngakumbi ngokusebenza okungcono kunye namanqanaba asezantsi okungcangcazela. Nangona kunjalo, ukufezekisa ezi njongo zinzima, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa kakuhle, ukusebenza kunye nokugcina iimpompo. Oku kuguqulela kuyilo olungcono, imodeli, ukulinganisa, uhlalutyo, ukuveliswa kunye nokugcinwa.

Ukungcangcazela okugqithisileyo kunokuba yingxaki ekhulayo okanye uphawu lokusilela okuzayo. Ukungcangcazela kunye nomothuko ohambelanayo / nengxolo ibonwa njengomthombo wobunzima bokusebenza, imiba ethembekileyo, ukuphuka, ukungonwabi kunye neenkxalabo zokhuseleko.

Vibrating Pbugcisa

Iimpawu ezisisiseko ze-rotor vibration zidla ngokuxoxwa ngokusekelwe kwiifomyula zendabuko kunye nezilula. Ngale ndlela, ukungcangcazela kwe-rotor kunokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini kwithiyori: ukungcangcazela kwamahhala kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwe-vibration.

Ukungcangcazela kunamacandelo amabini aphambili, akhuthazayo nalawo angalunganga. Kwicandelo elihamba phambili, i-rotor ijikeleza kwindlela ye-helical ejikeleze i-axis ye-bearing in the direction of shaft rotation. Ngokwahlukileyo, kwi-vibration engalunganga, i-rotor centre ijikeleza i-axis ejikelezayo kwicala elichasene ne-shaft rotation. Ukuba impompo yakhiwe kwaye iqhutywe kakuhle, ukungcangcazela kwamahhala kudla ngokubola ngokukhawuleza, okwenza ukungcangcazela okunyanzelekileyo kube yingxaki enkulu.

Kukho imingeni eyahlukeneyo kunye nobunzima kuhlalutyo lokungcangcazela, ukujonga ukungcangcazela kunye nokuqonda kwayo. Ngokubanzi, njengoko i-vibration frequency isanda, kuya kuba nzima ukubala / ukuhlalutya ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwe-vibration kunye nofundo lovavanyo / olwenyani ngenxa yeemilo zemo entsonkothileyo.

Impompo eyiyo kunye neResonance

Kwiintlobo ezininzi zeempompo, ezifana nezo zinesantya esiguquguqukayo, akunakwenzeka ukuyila kunye nokwenza impompo enomda ofanelekileyo kwi-resonance phakathi kwazo zonke izinto ezinokuthi zenzeke ngezikhathi ezithile (i-excitations) kunye nazo zonke iindlela zendalo ezinokwenzeka zokungcangcazela..

Iimeko ze-resonant zihlala zingenakuthintelwa, ezifana ne-variable speed motor drives (VSD) okanye ii-injini ze-injini zomphunga eziguqukayo, iiinjini zegesi kunye neenjini. Enyanisweni, isethi yempompo kufuneka ilinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo kwi-akhawunti ye-resonance. Ezinye iimeko ze-resonance azikho yingozi ngenxa, umzekelo, ukudambisa okuphezulu okubandakanyekayo kwiindlela.

Kwezinye iimeko, iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokunciphisa kufuneka zenziwe. Enye indlela yokunciphisa kukunciphisa imithwalo yovuselelo esebenza kwiindlela zokungcangcazela. Ngokomzekelo, amandla okuvuselela ngenxa yokungalingani kunye nokwahluka kobunzima becandelo kunokuncitshiswa ngokulinganisa okufanelekileyo. La mandla okuvuselela anokuthi ancitshiswe nge-70% ukuya kwi-80% ukusuka kumanqanaba okuqala / aqhelekileyo.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwangempela kwimpompo (i-resonance yangempela), isalathiso sokuvuselela kufuneka sihambelane nesimo semo yendalo ukwenzela ukuba imo yendalo ivuyiswe ngulo mthwalo wokuvuselela (okanye isenzo). Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba ulwalathiso lokuvuselela aluhambelani nesimo semo yendalo, kukho ithuba lokuhlalisana kunye ne-resonance. Umzekelo, imincili yokugoba ngokubanzi ayinakuvuyiswa kubuninzi bendalo be-torsion. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-torsional transverse resonances edibeneyo inokubakho. Ukuba nokwenzeka kwezo meko zikhethekileyo okanye ezinqabileyo kufuneka zivavanywe ngokufanelekileyo.

Eyona meko imbi kakhulu ye-resonance kukungqamana kweemilo zemo yendalo kunye nemincili ngexesha elifanayo. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezithile, ukuthotyelwa okuthile kwanele ukuba uchulumanco luvuse imo yemo.

Ngaphaya koko, iimeko zokudityaniswa ezintsonkothileyo zinokubakho apho uchulumanco oluthile luya kuvusa iindlela ezingalindelekanga ngeendlela ezidityanisiweyo zokungcangcazela. Ngokuthelekisa iindlela zokuvuselela kunye nemilo yemo yendalo, impembelelo inokuqulunqwa ukuba ukuvuswa kwe-frequency ethile okanye i-harmonic order iyingozi / iyingozi kumpompo. Amava asebenzayo, uvavanyo oluchanekileyo, kunye nokujonga iireferensi zokujonga iindlela zokuvavanya umngcipheko kwiimeko zethiyori.

Ukungalungi

Ukungalungelelanisi kakuhle ngumthombo omkhulu weityala lokwahlulaukungcangcazela kwepompo. Ukuchaneka okulinganiselweyo kokulungelelaniswa kweeshafu kunye nokudityaniswa kuhlala kungumngeni ophambili. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho i-offsets encinci yomgca weziko le-rotor (i-radial offset) kunye nokudibanisa kunye ne-angular offsets, umzekelo ngenxa ye-non-perpendicular mating flanges. Ngoko ke kuya kuhlala kukho ukungcangcazela ngenxa yokungalungelelanisi kakuhle.

Xa ii-halves ezidibanisayo ziboshwe ngenkani, ukujikeleza kwe-shaft kuvelisa isibini samandla ajikelezayo ngenxa ye-radial offset kunye nezihlandlo zokugoba ezijikelezayo ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle. Ukungalungelelanisi kakuhle, la mandla ajikelezayo ayakwenzeka kabini kwi-shaft/rotor revolution kunye neempawu zokungcangcazela kwesantya esiphindwe kabini kwi-shaft velocity.

Kwiimpompo ezininzi, uluhlu lwesantya sokusebenza kunye / okanye i-harmonics yalo iphazamisa isantya esibalulekileyo (isantya sendalo). Ngoko ke, injongo kukuphepha i-resonances eyingozi, iingxaki kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle. Uvavanyo olunxulumene nomngcipheko lusekwe kwimifuziselo efanelekileyo kunye namava okusebenza.