kuba iimpompo ze turbine ezithe nkqo ngaphantsi kwamanzi kwinkonzo, sincoma ukusebenzisa isixhobo soxinzelelo lwasekhaya ukunceda kugcino oluqikelelweyo kunye nokusombulula ingxaki.

Impompo yokuSebenza indawo

Iipompo zenzelwe ukufezekisa kunye nokusebenza kwindlela yoyilo oluchaziweyo kunye noxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo / intloko. Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-10% ukuya kwi-15% yeNdawo yoKusebenza ngokuPhezulu (BEP) kunciphisa ukungcangcazela okuhambelana namandla angaphakathi angalungelelananga. Qaphela ukuba ukutenxa ngokwepesenti kwi-BEP kulinganiselwa ngokokuhamba kwe-BEP. Ipompo eqhubela phambili iqhutywa kwi-BEP, ithembekile kancinci.

I-curve yepompo kukusebenza kwesixhobo xa kungekho ngxaki, kwaye indawo yokusebenza yempompo esebenza kakuhle inokuqikelelwa ngoxinzelelo lokufunxa kunye nokukhupha uxinzelelo okanye ukuhamba. Ukuba izixhobo ziyasilela, zonke ezi zintathu zeeparamitha ezingentla kufuneka zaziwa ukuba zinqume ukuba yintoni ingxaki ngepompo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokulinganisa la maxabiso angentla, kunzima ukufumanisa ukuba kukho ingxaki kwi-submersible. impompo yeinjini ethe nkqo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukufakela imitha yokuhamba kunye nokufunxa kunye nokukhupha iigeji zoxinzelelo.

Nje ukuba izinga lokuhamba kunye noxinzelelo oluhlukileyo / intloko ziyaziwa, zicwangcise kwigrafu. Inqaku elicwangcisiweyo liya kuba kufuphi negophe lempompo. Ukuba kunjalo, unokubona ngoko nangoko ukuba kude kangakanani kwi-BEP isixhobo esisebenzayo. Ukuba le ngongoma ingaphantsi kwe-curve yepompo, inokumiselwa ukuba ipompo ayisebenzi njengoko iyilelwe kwaye ingaba nohlobo oluthile lomonakalo wangaphakathi.

Ukuba ipompo ihlala ibaleka ngakwesobunxele kwe-BEP yayo, inokuthathwa njengobukhulu kunye nezisombululo ezinokwenzeka ziquka ukusika i-impeller.

Ukuba impompo ye turbine ethe nkqo entywilayo ihlala isebenza ngasekunene kwe-BEP yayo, inokubonwa ingaphantsi. Izisombululo ezinokuthi zibandakanya ukunyusa i-impeller diameter, ukwandisa isantya sempompo, ukubetha i-valve yokukhupha okanye ukutshintshwa kwempompo enye eyenzelwe ukuvelisa izinga eliphezulu lokuhamba. Ukusebenzisa impompo kufutshane ne-BEP yayo yenye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphezulu.

Intloko yeNet Positive Suction

I-Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) ngumlinganiselo wendlela ulwelo oluhlala lulwelo ngayo. Xa i-NPSH inguziro, ulwelo lukuxinzelelo lomphunga walo okanye kwindawo yokubila. I-Net Positive Suction Head Required (NPSHr) igophe lempompo ye-centrifugal ichaza intloko yokufunxa efunekayo ukunqanda ulwelo ekubeni lube ngumphunga xa udlula kwindawo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kumngxuma wokufunxa i-impeller.

I-net ekhoyo yokufunxa intloko ekhoyo (NPSHHa) kufuneka ibe nkulu okanye ilingane ne-NPSHr ukukhusela i-cavitation - into eyenzekayo apho amaqamza avela kwindawo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kwi-impeller suction bore kwaye emva koko iwele ngamandla kwindawo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kubangela ukuchithwa kwezinto kunye ukungcangcazela kwempompo, okunokukhokelela ekuthwaleni nasekungaphumeleli kwetywina ngoomatshini kwiqhezu elincinci lomjikelo wabo wobomi oqhelekileyo. Kumazinga aphezulu okuhamba, amaxabiso e-NPSHr kwijiko yempompo yeinjini yomoya ethe nkqo entywilayo anyuka kakhulu.

Igeyiji yoxinzelelo lokufunxa yeyona ndlela isebenzayo nechanekileyo yokulinganisa i-NPSha. Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ze-NPSha ephantsi. Nangona kunjalo, abona nobangela baxhaphakileyo kukufunxa intambo evalekileyo, ivalve yokufunxa evalekileyo kancinane, kunye nesihluzo sokufunxa esivalekileyo. Kwakhona, ukuqhuba impompo ngasekunene kwe-BEP yayo kuya kwandisa i-NPSHr yempompo. Igeyiji yoxinzelelo lokufunxa ingafakelwa ukunceda umsebenzisi ukuba abone ingxaki.

Izihluzi zokufunxa

Iimpompo ezininzi zisebenzisa izihluzi zokufunxa ukuthintela izinto zangaphandle ukuba zingangeni kwaye zonakalise i-impeller kunye ne-volute. Ingxaki kukuba ziyavala ngokuhamba kwexesha. Xa zivala, ukuhla koxinzelelo kwisihluzi kuyanda, okunciphisa i-NPSha. Igeyiji yesibini yokufunxa uxinzelelo inokusetwa phezulu kwesihluzi ukuze ithelekise negeyiji yoxinzelelo lokufunxa lwempompo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isihluzo sivalekile. Ukuba iigeyiji ezimbini azifundi ngokufanayo, kucacile ukuba iplagi yokucoca ikhona.

ISitywina seNkxaso yokuJonga uxinzelelo

Ngelixa izitywina zoomatshini zingasoloko zingunobangela, zijongwa ngokubanzi njengeyona ndawo ixhaphakileyo yokusilela kwiimpompo zeinjini zeinjini eziphantsi kwamanzi. Iinkqubo ze-API zokuxhasa itywina zemibhobho zisetyenziselwa ukugcina i-lubrication efanelekileyo, ubushushu, uxinzelelo kunye / okanye ukuhambelana kweekhemikhali. Ukugcina inkqubo yemibhobho kubalulekile ekwandiseni ukuthembeka. Ngoko ke, ingqalelo esondeleyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwi-instrumentation yenkqubo yokuxhasa uphawu. Ukugungxulwa kwangaphandle, ukucinywa komphunga, iimbiza zokutywina, iisistim zokujikeleza kunye neepaneli zegesi kufuneka zonke zixhotyiswe ngeegeyiji zoxinzelelo.

isiphelo

Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-30% yeempompo ze-centrifugal zixhotyiswe ngeegeyiji zoxinzelelo lokufunxa. Nangona kunjalo, akukho xabiso lesixhobo esinokuthintela ukusilela kwesixhobo ukuba idatha ayijongwanga ngokufanelekileyo kwaye isetyenziswa. Ingaba yiprojekthi entsha okanye iprojekthi yokubuyisela, ukufakwa kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwindawo yokuhlala kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba abasebenzisi banokwenza ulungiso olufanelekileyo lweengxaki kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili kwizixhobo ezibalulekileyo.