Intloko, ukuhamba kunye namandla ziiparamitha ezibalulekileyo zokuvavanya ukusebenza kwempompo:

1.Isantya sokuhamba

Izinga lokuhamba kwempompo likwabizwa ngokuba ngumthamo wokuhanjiswa kwamanzi.

Ibhekisa kumthamo wamanzi ahanjiswa yimpompo ngexesha leyunithi. Imelwe isimboli Q, iyunithi yayo ilitha/yesibini, cubic meter/yesibini, cubic meter/yure.

2.Intloko

Intloko yepompo ibhekisela ekuphakameni apho umpompo unokupompa amanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo umelwe ngumqondiso H, kwaye iyunithi yayo imitha.

Intloko ye impompo yokufunxa kabini isekelwe kumgca ophakathi we-impeller kwaye inamacandelo amabini. Ukuphakama okuthe nkqo ukusuka kumbindi we-impeller yempompo ukuya kumphezulu wamanzi omthombo wamanzi, oko kukuthi, ukuphakama apho impompo inokufunxa amanzi, ibizwa ngokuba yi-suction lift, ebizwa ngokuba yi-suction lift; ukuphakama okuthe nkqo ukusuka kumbindi we-impeller yempompo ukuya kumphezulu wamanzi we-outlet pool, oko kukuthi, impompo yamanzi inokucinezela amanzi phezulu Ukuphakama kubizwa ngokuba yintloko yamanzi yoxinzelelo, okubizwa ngokuba yi-stroke yoxinzelelo. Oko kukuthi, intloko yempompo yamanzi = intloko yokufunxa amanzi + intloko yoxinzelelo lwamanzi. Kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba intloko ephawulwe kwi-nameplate ibhekisela entloko ukuba impompo yamanzi ngokwayo ikwazi ukuvelisa, kwaye ayibandakanyi intloko yokulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukuchasana kwe-frictions of the pipeline water flow. Xa ukhetha impompo yamanzi, qaphela ukuba ungayihoyi. Ngaphandle koko, amanzi akayi kumpontshwa.

3. Amandla

Ubungakanani bomsebenzi owenziwe ngumatshini ngexesha leyunithi ubizwa ngokuba ngamandla.

Ngokuqhelekileyo imelwe isimboli N. Iiyunithi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zezi: kilogram m / s, kilowatt, horsepower. Ngokuqhelekileyo iyunithi yamandla yemoto yombane ibonakaliswe kwi-kilowatts; iyunithi yamandla ye-injini ye-diesel okanye ye-injini yepetroli ibonakaliswe ngamandla ehashe. Amandla athunyelwa ngumatshini wamandla kwi-shaft shaft ebizwa ngokuba yi-shaft power, enokuthi iqondwe njengamandla okufaka umpompo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amandla epompo abhekiselele kumandla we-shaft. Ngenxa yokuchasana kwengxabano yokuthwala kunye nokupakisha; ingxabano phakathi kwe-impeller namanzi xa ijikeleza; i-vortex yempompo yamanzi kwimpompo, i-gap backflow, i-inlet kunye ne-outlet, kunye nefuthe lomlomo, njl njl. Kufuneka idle inxalenye yamandla, ngoko ke impompo ayikwazi ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo amandla egalelo lomatshini wamandla. amandla asebenzayo, kwaye kufuneka kubekho ukulahlekelwa kwamandla, oko kukuthi, isixa samandla asebenzayo epompo kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamandla kwimpompo yi-shaft yamandla epompo.

Intloko yempompo, ifomyula yokubala ukuhamba:

Ithetha ntoni intloko yempompo H=32?

Intloko H=32 ithetha ukuba lo matshini unako ukunyusa amanzi ukuya kwi-32 yeemitha

Ukuqukuqela = indawo enqamlezileyo * isantya sokuqukuqela Isantya sokuhamba kufuneka silinganiswe nguwe: istopwotshi

Uqikelelo lokuphakamisa impompo:

Intloko yepompo ayinanto yakwenza namandla, ihambelana nobubanzi be-impeller yempompo kunye nenani lezigaba ze-impeller. Ipompo enegunya elifanayo ingaba nentloko yamakhulu eemitha, kodwa izinga lokuhamba linokuba yimitha yeemitha ezimbalwa kuphela, okanye intloko ingaba neemitha ezimbalwa kuphela, kodwa izinga lokuhamba lingafikelela kwiimitha ezili-100. Amakhulu ezalathiso. Umgaqo oqhelekileyo kukuba phantsi kwamandla afanayo, izinga lokuhamba kwentloko ephezulu lincinci, kwaye izinga lokuhamba kwentloko ephantsi likhulu. Akukho fomula yokubala esemgangathweni yokumisela intloko, kwaye kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zakho zokusetyenziswa kunye nemodeli yempompo evela kumzi-mveliso. Inokubalwa ngokuhambelana ne-pump outlet gauge yoxinzelelo. Ukuba indawo yempompo yi-1MPa (10kg/cm2), intloko imalunga neemitha ezili-100, kodwa ifuthe loxinzelelo lokufunxa kufuneka liqwalaselwe. Kwimpompo ye-centrifugal, ineentloko ezintathu: eyona ntloko yokufunxa, eyona ntloko yoxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye nentloko yokwenyani. Ukuba ayichazwanga, ngokuqhelekileyo kukholelwa ukuba intloko ibhekisela kumahluko wokuphakama phakathi kweendawo ezimbini zamanzi.

Into esithetha ngayo apha kukubunjwa kokumelana kwenkqubo yamanzi abandayo yomoya ovaliweyo, kuba le nkqubo yinkqubo esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.

Umzekelo: Ukuqikelela impompo yokufunxa kabini intloko

Ngokwale ngasentla, ilahleko yoxinzelelo lwenkqubo yamanzi yokupholisa umoya kwisakhiwo esiphezulu malunga ne-100m ukuphakama kunokuqikelelwa ngokuqikelelwa, oko kukuthi, ukuphakanyiswa okufunwa yimpompo yamanzi ejikelezayo:

1. Ukumelana neChiller: thatha i-80 kPa (ikholamu yamanzi eyi-8m);

2. Ukuchasana kwemibhobho: Thatha ukuchasana kwesixhobo sokucoca, umqokeleli wamanzi, isahluli samanzi kunye nombhobho kwigumbi lefriji njenge-50 kPa; thatha ubude bombhobho kwicala lothumelo kunye nokuhanjiswa njenge-300m kunye nokumelana okuthe ngqo kwe-frictional ye-200 Pa / m, ngoko Ukuxhathisa i-friction yi-300 * 200 = 60000 Pa = 60 kPa; ukuba ukuchasana kwendawo kwindawo yokuhanjiswa kunye nokusabalalisa i-50% yokuxhatshazwa kwe-friction, ukuchasana kwendawo yi-60 kPa * 0.5 = 30 kPa; ukuchasana ngokupheleleyo kombhobho wenkqubo yi-50 kPa+ 60 kPa+30 kPa=140 kPa (14m ikholamu yamanzi);

3. Ukuchasana kwesixhobo se-terminal ye-air conditioner: ukuchasana kwe-air conditioner edibeneyo ngokuqhelekileyo kukhulu kuneyunithi ye-coil ye-fan, ngoko ke ukuchasana kweyokuqala yi-45 kPa (4.5 ikholamu yamanzi); 4. Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-valve yokulawula iindlela ezimbini: 40 kPa (0.4 ikholamu yamanzi) .

5. Ngoko ke, isamba sokumelana nenxalenye nganye yenkqubo yamanzi: 80 kPa + 140kPa + 45 kPa + 40 kPa = 305 kPa (30.5m ikholamu yamanzi)

6. Intloko yepompo yokufunxa kabini: Ukuthatha ukhuseleko lwe-10%, intloko H = 30.5m * 1.1 = 33.55m.

Ngokwezi ziphumo zoqikelelo olungentla, uluhlu lwelahleko yoxinzelelo lwenkqubo yamanzi yokupholisa umoya yezakhiwo zesikali esifanayo sinokubanjwa ngokusisiseko. Ngokukodwa, kufuneka kuthintelwe ukuba ilahleko yoxinzelelo lwenkqubo inkulu kakhulu ngenxa yoqikelelo olungabalwanga kunye noluqikelelekayo, kwaye intloko yempompo yamanzi ikhethwe kakhulu. Isiphumo sokuchithwa kwamandla.