The iimpompo zecala lokwahlulwa okuthe tye lukhetho oludumileyo kwizityalo ezininzi kuba zilula, zithembekile, kwaye zikhaphukhaphu kwaye zihlangene kuyilo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusetyenziswa kwe ityala lokwahlula iimpompo zandile kwizicelo ezininzi, ezifana nezicelo zenkqubo, ngenxa yezizathu ezine:

1. Ukuqhubela phambili kwiteknoloji yokutywinwa kwempompo ye-centrifugal

2. Ulwazi lwangoku kunye nokwenziwa kwemodeli yobuchwephesha bolwelo kunye neentshukumo ezijikelezayo

3. Iindlela zokuvelisa eziphucukileyo zokuvelisa iindawo ezichanekileyo ezijikelezayo kunye neendibano ezinzima ngeendleko ezifanelekileyo

4.Isakhono sokwenza lula ulawulo ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yolawulo yale mihla, ngakumbi iidrive zesantya eziguquguqukayo zanamhlanje (VSDs)

Ngokuphathelele ukuthembeka, i-curve yempompo ifanelwe ingqalelo ngakumbi kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwesicelo. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokukhetha, ukucwangcisa i-curve point point yesicelo kunokuthetha umahluko phakathi kokugcina imali kunye nokulahlekelwa yimali.

Eyona ndawo intle yokuSebenza

Eyona ndawo isebenzayo (BEP) yindawo apho i impompo yecala lokwahlulwa elithe tyaba yeyona izinzile. Ukuba ipompo iqhutywe kude ne-BEP point, ayiyi kukhokelela kuphela ekunyuseni kwemithwalo engalinganiyo - imithwalo idla ngokunyuka kwinqanaba lokufa kwempompo, kodwa kwakhona (ngaphezu kwexesha elide lokusebenza) ukunciphisa ukuthembeka kwempompo kunye ubomi bamalungu ayo.

Uyilo lwempompo luhlala lumisela uluhlu lwalo lokusebenza olulungileyo, kodwa impompo kufuneka iqhutywe ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-80% ukuya kwi-109% ye-BEP. Olu luhlu lufanelekile kodwa alusebenzi, kwaye uninzi lwabaqhubi kufuneka bamisele uluhlu olufanelekileyo lokusebenza ngaphambi kokukhetha impompo.

I-net efunekayo yoxinzelelo lwentloko yokufunxa (NPSHR) ngokuqhelekileyo inciphisa uluhlu lokusebenza lwempompo ngokwemiqathango ye-BEP. Xa usebenza kakuhle ngaphezu kokuhamba kwe-BEP, ukuhla koxinzelelo kwipaseji yokufunxa kunye nemibhobho iya kuhla kakhulu ngaphantsi kwe-NPSHR. Olu xinzelelo loxinzelelo lunokubangela i-cavitation kunye nomonakalo kwiindawo zokupompa.

Njengoko iindawo zempompo ziguga kunye nobudala, ukukhutshwa okutsha kuyaphuhla. Ulwelo olumponthiweyo luqala ukujikeleza kwakhona rhoqo (i-backflow yangaphakathi - inqaku le-salon yepompo) kunaxa impompo yayintsha. Ukujikeleza kwakhona kunokuba nefuthe elibi ekusebenzeni kwempompo.

Abaqhubi kufuneka bajonge igophe yokusebenza kwempompo kuyo yonke iprofayile yokusebenza. Iipompo ezisebenza kwi-loop evaliweyo okanye inkonzo yokubuyisela (kunye neenkqubo zokudlula - inqaku le-salon yepompo) kufuneka ziqhutywe kufutshane ne-BEP okanye malunga ne-5% ukuya kwi-10% ukuya ngasekhohlo kwe-BEP. Kumava am, iinkqubo ze-loop ezivaliweyo zihlawula ingqalelo encinci kwi-curve yokusebenza kwempompo.

Enyanisweni, abanye abaqhubi abakhangeli ezinye iindawo zokusebenza okanye uluhlu lokuhamba kokubuyisela kwi-curve yepompo. Ukuhanjiswa kwenkonzo yokurisayikilisha kunokwahluka ngokubanzi, yiyo loo nto abaqhubi kufuneka bafumane kwaye bavavanye zonke iindawo ezinokwenzeka zokusebenza kwigophe lempompo.

Amanqaku okusebenza ngokugqithisileyo

Kwinkonzo yokudlulisa isambuku, ukwahlula okuthe tye impompo yetyala ihambisa ulwelo ukusuka kwisikhongozeli okanye itanki enamanqanaba olwelo ahlukeneyo kwindawo yokufunxa kunye nokukhupha. Impompo impompo ulwelo ngaphandle kwizibuko lokufunxa kwaye izalise isikhongozeli okanye itanki kwindawo yokukhupha. Ezinye iinkonzo zokudlulisa ubuninzi zifuna ukusetyenziswa kweevalve zokulawula, ezinokuthi zitshintshe kakhulu uxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo.

Intloko yepompo ihlala iguquka, kodwa izinga lokutshintsha lingaba phezulu okanye liphantsi.

Kukho iindawo ezimbini zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo kwinkonzo yokudlulisa isambuku, enye ikwintloko ephezulu kwaye enye isezantsi kwentloko. Abanye abaqhubi ngempazamo bafanise i-BEP yempompo kwindawo yokusebenza kwintloko ephezulu kwaye balibale malunga nezinye iimfuno zentloko.

Umpompo okhethiweyo uya kusebenza ngasekunene kwe-BEP, ukubonelela ngokungathembeki kunye nokusebenza okuncinci. Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuba impompo ilinganiswe ukuba isebenze kweyona ntloko iphezulu kufutshane ne-BEP, impompo inobungakanani obukhulu kunokuba kufuneka bube njalo.

Ukukhethwa kwempompo engafanelekanga kwindawo ephantsi yokusebenza kwentloko kuya kubangela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza okuphantsi, ukunyakaza okungaphezulu, ukutywinwa okufutshane kunye nobomi obuthwele, kunye nokuthembeka okuphantsi. Zonke ezi zinto zinokunyusa kakhulu iindleko zokuqala nezokusebenza, kubandakanywa namaxesha amaninzi angacwangciswanga.

Ukufumana inqaku eliphakathi

Olona khetho lwempompo lwetyala oluthe tyaba oluthe tyaba luxhomekeke ekufumaneni indawo yomsebenzi kweyona ntloko iphezulu ukuya ngasekhohlo kweBEP okanye kweyona ntloko isezantsi ngasekunene kweBEP.

I-curve yepompo yesiphumo kufuneka ibandakanye iindawo zokusebenza ezithatha ingqalelo ezinye izinto ezifana ne-NPSHR. Ipompo kufuneka isebenze kufuphi ne-BEP, eyona ndawo iphakathi phakathi kweentloko eziphezulu kunye nezona ziphantsi, ixesha elininzi.

Ngokubanzi, zonke iindawo zomsebenzi kufuneka zichongwe kwaye umsebenzi wokumpompa uvandlakanywe kuzo zonke iindawo ezinokubakhona zomsebenzi.

Ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo yimiqathango yokusebenza kwempompo, kwaye xa ukusebenza kompompo kuncitshiswa kancinci, indawo yokusebenza yempompo kwi-curve yepompo iqikelelwa. Kwezinye izicelo zempompo, ezifana nenkonzo yokudlulisa isambuku, kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwawona manqaku aphezulu nawona asezantsi entloko, kunye nesantya esiguquguqukayo se-centrifugal pu.