Ngexesha lokusebenza kwe- ityala lokwahlula iimpompo, ii-vibrations ezingamkelekanga azifunwa, njengoko ii-vibrations zingagcini nje inkunkuma kunye namandla, kodwa zivelise ingxolo engadingekile, kwaye zide zonakalise impompo, ezinokukhokelela kwiingozi ezinzulu kunye nomonakalo. Ukungcangcazela okuqhelekileyo kubangelwa zezi zizathu zilandelayo.

1. I-Cavitation

I-Cavitation ngokuqhelekileyo ivelisa i-random high frequency broadband energy, ngamanye amaxesha ifakwe phezulu nge-blade pass frequency harmonics (ezininzi). I-Cavitation luphawu lokungonelanga kwentloko yokufunxa i-positive positive (NPSH). Xa ulwelo olumponthiweyo lutyhutyha kwiindawo ezithile zasekuhlaleni zamacandelo okuhamba ngesizathu esithile, uxinzelelo olupheleleyo lolwelo luyancipha ukuya kuxinzelelo lomphunga ogcweleyo (uxinzelelo lokuphunga) lolwelo kwiqondo lobushushu lokumpompa, ulwelo luyaba ngumphunga apha, luvelisa umphunga, amagwebu. zenziwe; ngelo xesha, i-gas echithwe kwi-liquid iya kuphinda ihlanjululwe ngendlela yeebhubhu, yenza ukuhamba kwezigaba ezimbini kwindawo yendawo. Xa i-bubble ihambela kwindawo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, i-high-pressure liquid ejikeleze i-bubble iya kudibanisa ngokukhawuleza, iyancipha kwaye iqhume i-bubble. Ngomzuzu xa iqamza lijiya, licuthe kwaye ligqabhuke, ulwelo olujikeleze iqamza luya kuzalisa umgodi (owenziwe yi-condensation kunye nokugqabhuka) ngesantya esiphezulu, ukuvelisa i-wave shock wave. Le nkqubo yokuvelisa ama-bubbles kunye nokuqhuma kweebhubhu ukulimaza iindawo ezidlulayo yinkqubo ye-cavitation yempompo. Ukuwa kwamaqamu e-steam kunokonakalisa kakhulu kwaye kunokonakalisa ipompo kunye ne-impeller. Xa i-cavitation isenzeka kwimpompo yecala lokwahlula, kuvakala ngathi "amabhastile" okanye "igraveli" idlula kwimpompo. Kuphela xa i-NPSH efunekayo yempompo (NPSHR) iphantsi kune-NPSH yesixhobo (NPSHA) inokugwenywa i-cavitation.

2. Ukutyhutyha ukuhamba kwempompo

I-Pump pulsation yimeko eyenzeka xa impompo isebenza kufuphi nentloko yayo yokuvala. Ukungcangcazela kwixesha le-waveform kuya kuba sinusoidal. Kwakhona, i-spectrum iya kuhlala ilawulwa yi-1X RPM kunye ne-blade pass frequencies. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ncochoyi ziya kuba gwenxa, zinyuka kwaye zinciphe njengoko ukuqhuma okuhambayo kwenzeka. Igeyiji yoxinzelelo kumbhobho wokuphuma kwempompo iya kunyuka inyuka. Ukuba iimpompo yecala lokwahlulai-outlet inevalve yokukhangela ujingi, ingalo yevalve kunye ne-counterweight iya kugxuma emva naphambili, ebonisa ukuhamba okungazinzanga.

3. I-shaft yepompo igobile

Ingxaki ye-shaft egobileyo ibangela i-axial vibration ephezulu, kunye nokwahlukana kwesigaba se-axial sijonge kwi-180 ° kwi-rotor efanayo. Ukuba i-bend isondele kumbindi we-shaft, i-vibration elawulayo iyenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-1X RPM; kodwa ukuba igophe likufutshane nokudibanisa, ukungcangcazela okubalaseleyo kwenzeka kwi-2X RPM. Kuqhelekile ukuba i-shaft yepompo igobe okanye isondele kwi-coupling. Igeyiji yokudayela ingasetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuphambuka kweshaft.

4. I-impeller yepompo engalinganiyo

I-slit case pump i-impellers kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ngokuchanekileyo kumenzi wempompo wokuqala. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokuba imikhosi ebangelwa ukungalingani inokuchaphazela kakhulu ubomi bompompo wepompo (ubomi obuthweleyo buhambelana ngokungafaniyo netyhubhu yomthwalo osetyenziswayo). Iimpompo zinokuxhonywa embindini okanye ii-impellers ezine-cantilevered. Ukuba i-impeller ixhonywe embindini, ukungalingani kwamandla ngokuqhelekileyo kudlula ukungalingani kwesibini. Kule meko, ezona ntshukumo ziphezulu zihlala kwi-radial (ethe tyaba kunye nethe nkqo). I-amplitude ephezulu kakhulu iya kuba kwisantya sokusebenza sempompo (1X RPM). Kwimeko yokungalingani kwamandla, i-horizontal lateral kunye ne-medial phases iya kuba malunga nokufana (+/- 30 °) njengezigaba ezithe nkqo. Ukongeza, izigaba ezithe tyaba kunye nezithe nkqo zompompo ngamnye ziyahluka ngokwesiqhelo malunga ne-90 ° (+/- 30 °). Ngokuyila kwayo, i-impeller ephakathi emisiwe ine-axial forces elungeleleneyo kwi-inboard kunye neebheringi zangaphandle. I-axial vibration ephakanyisiweyo luphawu oluqinileyo lokuba i-pump impeller ivalwe yinto yangaphandle, ibangela ukuba i-axial vibration inyuke ngokubanzi kwisantya sokusebenza. Ukuba ipompo ine-impeller ye-cantilevered, oku kudla ngokukhokelela kwi-axial ephezulu kakhulu kunye ne-radial 1X RPM. Ukufundwa kwe-Axial kuthanda ukuba kwinqanaba kwaye lizinzile, ngelixa i-rotors ye-cantilevered enesigaba sokufundwa kwe-radial enokuthi ingazinzi inamandla kunye nokungalingani kwesibini, nganye enokufuna ukulungiswa. Ke ngoko, iintsimbi zohlengahlengiso ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka zibekwe kwiinqwelomoya ezi-2 ukuchasana namandla kunye nokungalingani kwezibini. Kule meko ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukususa i-rotor yepompo kwaye uyibeke kumatshini wokulinganisa ukulinganisa ukuchaneka okwaneleyo njengoko iindiza ze-2 zihlala zingafikeleleki kwindawo yomsebenzisi.

5. Ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-pump shaft

Ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-Shaft yimeko kwipompo yokuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo apho i-centerlines ye-shafts edibeneyo edibeneyo ayihambelani. I-parallel misalignment yimeko apho i-centerlines ye-shafts ihambelana kodwa i-offset ukusuka komnye nomnye. I-spectrum ye-vibration iya kubonisa ngokuqhelekileyo i-1X, i-2X, i-3X ... ephezulu, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, i-harmonics ephezulu kakhulu iya kuvela. Kwi-radial direction, isigaba sokudibanisa Umahluko ngu-180 °. I-angular misalignment iya kubonisa i-axial ephezulu ye-1X, enye i-2X kunye ne-3X, i-180 ° isigaba ngaphandle kwesigaba kuzo zombini iziphelo zokudibanisa.

6. Ingxaki yokuthwala impompo

Iincopho kwiifrikhwensi ezingahambelaniyo (kubandakanywa i-harmonics) ziimpawu zokunxiba okuqengqelekayo. Ubomi obufutshane obuthweleyo kwiimpompo zeemeko ezihlukeneyo zihlala zisisiphumo sokukhetha okungahambi kakuhle kwesicelo, njengomthwalo ogqithisileyo, ukuthambisa okungahambi kakuhle okanye ukushisa okuphezulu. Ukuba uhlobo lokuthwala kunye nomvelisi luyaziwa, i-frequency ethile yokungaphumeleli kwendandatho yangaphandle, i-ring yangaphakathi, i-rolling elements kunye ne-cage inokumiselwa. Ezi frikhwensi zokungaphumeleli kolu hlobo lokuthwala zinokufumaneka kwiitheyibhile kuninzi lwe-predictive maintenance (PdM) software namhlanje.