Beka iliso kuSetyenziso lwaMandla kunye neeNguqulelo zeNkqubo

Ukulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwenkqubo yokumpompa kunokuba lula kakhulu. Ukufakela nje imitha phambi komgca oyintloko onika amandla kuyo yonke inkqubo yokupompa iya kubonisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuzo zonke izixhobo zombane kwinkqubo, ezifana neenjini, abalawuli kunye neevalve.

Olunye uphawu olubalulekileyo lokujongwa kwenkqubo ngokubanzi yamandla kukuba inokubonisa indlela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okutshintsha ngayo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Inkqubo elandela umjikelo wemveliso inokuba namaxesha amiselweyo xa isebenzisa awona mandla amaninzi kunye namaxesha angasebenziyo xa isebenzisa amandla amancinci. Eyona nto ingcono iimitha zombane ezinokuthi zenziwe ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla kukusivumela ukuba sibambe imijikelo yokuvelisa koomatshini ukuze basebenzise awona mandla aphantsi ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Oku akunciphisi ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kodwa kunokwehlisa iindleko zamandla ngokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu.

Isicwangciso soCwangciso

Indlela engcono yokufaka i-sensors, amanqaku okuvavanya, kunye nezixhobo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ukujonga imeko yenkqubo yonke. Idatha ebalulekileyo enikezelwa ngaba bazivayo ingasetyenziswa ngeendlela ezininzi. Okokuqala, abenzi boluvo banokubonisa ukuhamba, uxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nezinye iiparamitha ngexesha langempela. Okwesibini, le datha ingasetyenziselwa ukuzenzekelayo ulawulo lomatshini, ngaloo ndlela ugwema impazamo yomntu enokuza nolawulo lwezandla. Okwesithathu, idatha inokuqokelelwa ekuhambeni kwexesha ukubonisa iindlela zokusebenza.

Ukubeka iliso ngexesha lokwenyani-Ukuseka iindawo zokuseta ii-sensor ukuze zikwazi ukuqalisa ii-alamu xa i-threshold igqithile. Ngokomzekelo, isibonakaliso soxinzelelo oluphantsi kumgca wokufunxa impompo kunokuvakala i-alamu ukukhusela ulwelo oluphuma kwimpompo. Ukuba akukho mpendulo ngexesha elithile, ulawulo luvala impompo ukukhusela umonakalo. Izikimu zokulawula ezifanayo zingasetyenziselwa izinzwa ezivakalisa iimpawu ze-alamu xa kwenzeka ukushisa okuphezulu okanye ukungcangcazela okuphezulu.

I-automation ukulawula oomatshini - Kukho ukuqhubela phambili kwendalo ukusuka ekusebenziseni izinzwa ukujonga iingongoma ezimiselweyo ekusebenziseni izixhobo zokulawula ngokuthe ngqo oomatshini. Umzekelo, ukuba umatshini usebenzisa i ityala lokwahlula impompo ye-centrifugal ukujikeleza amanzi okupholisa, inzwa yokushisa inokuthumela umqondiso kumlawuli olawula ukuhamba. Umlawuli unokutshintsha isantya semoto eqhuba impompo okanye utshintshe isenzo sevalve ukuhambelana umpompo wempompo ye-centrifugal yecala's flow kwiimfuno zokupholisa. Ekugqibeleni injongo yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla iyafezekiswa.

Ii-Sensors zikwavumela ukugcinwa kwangaphambili. Ukuba umatshini uyasilela ngenxa yesihluzo esivalekileyo, igcisa okanye umkhandi kufuneka aqinisekise kuqala ukuba umatshini uvaliwe kwaye emva koko utshixe/ufake ithegi kumatshini ukuze isihluzo sicocwe ngokukhuselekileyo okanye sitshintshwe. Lo ngumzekelo wolondolozo olusebenzayo - ukuthatha inyathelo lokulungisa isiphene emva kokuba senzeke, ngaphandle kwesilumkiso sangaphambili. Izihluzi kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo, kodwa ukuxhomekeka kumaxesha amiselweyo asenokungasebenzi.

Kule meko, amanzi adlula kwisihluzi anokuthi angcoliseke ngakumbi kunokuba kulindelwe kwaye ixesha elide. Ngoko ke, into yokucoca kufuneka itshintshwe ngaphambi kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Kwelinye icala, ukutshintsha izihluzi kwishedyuli kunokuba yinkcitho. Ukuba amanzi adlula kwisihluzi acoceke ngokungaqhelekanga kangangexesha elongeziweyo, isihluzo sinokufuna ukutshintshwa emva kweeveki ezimbalwa kunokuba bekucwangcisiwe.

I-crux yalo mba kukuba ukusebenzisa abenzi boluvo ukujonga umahluko woxinzelelo kulo lonke icebo lokucoca kunokubonisa kanye xa icebo lokucoca lifuna ukutshintshwa. Enyanisweni, ukufundwa koxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo kungasetyenziselwa kwinqanaba elilandelayo, ukugcinwa kwangaphambili.

Ukuqokelela idatha ngexesha - Ukubuyela kwinkqubo yethu esandul 'ukuthunyelwa, emva kokuba yonke into inikwe amandla, ilungelelaniswe kwaye ilungiswe kakuhle, i-sensors ibonelela ngokufundwa kwesiseko sayo yonke ingcinezelo, ukuhamba, ukushisa, ukungcangcazela kunye nezinye iiparitha zokusebenza. Emva kwexesha, sinokuthelekisa ufundo lwangoku nelona xabiso libalaseleyo ukumisela ukuba adityaniswe njani na amacandelo okanye ingakanani na inkqubo etshintshileyo (njengesihluzo esivaliweyo).

Ufundo lwexesha elizayo luya kuthi ekugqibeleni luphambuke kwixabiso lesiseko elisekwe ekuqaleni. Xa ufundo lukhukuliseka ngaphaya kwemida emiselweyo, kunokubonisa ukungaphumeleli okuzayo, okanye ubuncinane imfuneko yokungenelela. Olu lugcino oluqikelelweyo - ukwazisa abaqhubi phambi kokuba ukusilela kusondele.

Umzekelo oqhelekileyo kukuba sifaka i-vibration sensors (i-accelerometers) kwiindawo zokuthwala (okanye izihlalo ezithwele) zeempompo zecala lokuhlukaniswa kwe-centrifugal kunye neenjini. Ukunxiba okuqhelekileyo kunye nokukrazula koomatshini abajikelezayo okanye ukusebenza kwempompo ngaphandle kweeparitha ezibekwe ngumenzi kunokubangela utshintsho kwi-frequency okanye i-amplitude ye-rotation vibration, ehlala ibonakalisa njengokunyuka kwe-vibration amplitude. Iingcali zinokuhlola iimpawu ze-vibration ekuqaliseni ukujonga ukuba zamkelekile kwaye zichaze amaxabiso abalulekileyo abonisa imfuno yokuqwalaselwa. Ezi xabiso zinokucwangciswa kwisoftware yokulawula ukuthumela isignali ye-alamu xa isiphumo senzwa sifikelela kwimida ebalulekileyo.

Kwisiqalo, i-accelerometer ibonelela ngexabiso lesiseko sokungcangcazela elinokugcinwa kwimemori yolawulo. Xa amaxabiso exesha langempela ekugqibeleni afikelela kwimida emiselweyo, ulawulo lomatshini lulumkisa umqhubi ukuba imeko ifuna ukuvavanywa. Kunjalo, utshintsho olumandla ngesiquphe kungcangcazelo lunokwazisa abaqhubi ngokusilela okunokwenzeka.

Amagcisa aphendula kuzo zombini ii-alam anokufumana impazamo elula, efana nebholithi ephumayo, enokubangela ukuba impompo okanye imoto iphume embindini. Ukuphinda ubeke iyunithi embindini kwaye uqinise zonke iibholithi ezikhwelayo inokuba kuphela kweentshukumo ezifunekayo. Emva kokuba inkqubo iphinde iqale, ufundo lwentshukumo lwexesha lokwenyani luya kubonisa ukuba ingxaki ilungisiwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba impompo okanye iibheringi zeemoto zonakele, kusenokufuneka inyathelo elingaphezulu lolungiso. Kodwa kwakhona, ngenxa yokuba abenzi boluvo babonelela ngesilumkiso sangethuba seengxaki ezinokwenzeka, banokuvavanywa kwaye ixesha lokuphumla lihlehliswe de kube sekupheleni kokutshintsha, xa ukuvalwa kucwangcisiwe, okanye xa imveliso isiwa kwezinye iimpompo okanye iinkqubo.

Ngaphezulu kokuzenzekela kunye nokuthembeka

Iinzwa zibekwe ngobuchule kuyo yonke inkqubo kwaye zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngolawulo oluzenzekelayo, imisebenzi yenkxaso kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili. Kwaye banokujongisisa indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo ukuze bakwazi ukuyiphucula, benze inkqubo iyonke isebenze ngamandla.

Enyanisweni, ukusebenzisa esi sicwangciso kwinkqubo ekhoyo kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokuveza iimpompo okanye amacandelo anegumbi elibalulekileyo lokuphucula.