Iyo inotenderera shaft (kana rotor) inogadzira vibrations inotumirwa kune iyosplit casepombi uyezve kune yakapoteredza midziyo, pombi uye zvivakwa. Vibration amplitude inowanzosiyana ne rotor / shaft inotenderera kumhanya. Pakumhanya kwakakomba, iyo vibration amplitude inova yakakura uye shaft inodedera muresonance. Kusagadzikana uye kusarongeka ndizvo zvakakosha zvikonzero zvekuzunguza kwepombi. Nekudaro, kune mamwe masosi uye mafomu ekuzunguza anoenderana nemapombi.

Kudengenyeka, kunyanya nekuda kwekusaenzana uye kusaruramisa, kwave kuri kutarisa nguva dzose kwekushanda, kushanda, kuvimbika uye kuchengetedzwa kwemapombi akawanda. Chinokosha inzira yakarongeka yekudengenyeka, kuenzanisa, kugadzirisa uye kutarisa (vibration monitoring). Tsvakurudzo zhinji pasplit casekupomba vibration, chiyero, kurongeka uye vibration mamiriro ekutarisa ndeye theoretical.

Kunyanya kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune zvinoshanda zvekushandisa basa pamwe chete nenzira dzakareruka uye mitemo (yevashandisi, mainjiniya ezvirimwa uye nyanzvi). Ichi chinyorwa chinokurukura kuzunguzika mumapombi uye kuomesesa uye kusaziva kwematambudziko aungasangana nawo.

Vibrations mu Pchirauro

Chikamu chinopatsanura pumpsanoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumafekitori emazuva ano uye zvivakwa. Kwemakore, kwave nemaitiro ekukurumidza, ane simba zvakanyanya pombi nekuita zvirinani uye kuderera kwemazinga ekudengenyeka. Nekudaro, kuti uwane izvi zvinonetsa zvinangwa, zvinodikanwa kudoma zvirinani, kushanda uye kuchengetedza mapombi. Izvi zvinoshandura kuita zvirinani dhizaini, modhi, simulation, kuongorora, kugadzira uye kugadzirisa.

Kudedera kwakanyanya kunogona kuve dambudziko ririkuitika kana chiratidzo chekutadza kuri kuuya. Vibration uye kuvhunduka kwakabatana/ruzha kunoonekwa sesosi yezvinetso zvekushanda, nyaya dzekuvimbika, kuputsika, kusagadzikana uye kunetseka nezvekuchengetedza.

Vibrating Parts

Hunhu hwekutanga hwerotor vibration hunowanzo kukurukurwa zvichibva pamaitiro echinyakare uye akareruka mafomula. Nenzira iyi, kuzununguka kwe rotor kunogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri mudzidziso: kusununguka kwemahara uye kudengenyeka kwekumanikidza.

Vibration ine zvikamu zviviri zvikuru, zvakanaka nezvakaipa. Muchikamu chemberi, rotor inotenderera nenzira yehelical yakakomberedza axis inotakura munzira yekutenderera shaft. Sezvineiwo, mukudengenyeka kwakashata, iyo rotor centre inotenderera yakatenderedza axis inotakura munzira yakatarisana neiyo shaft kutenderera. Kana pombi ichivakwa uye ikashanda zvakanaka, kudengenyeka kwemahara kunowanzoora nekukurumidza, zvichiita kuti kudzvinyirirwa kwekumanikidzwa kuve dambudziko guru.

Kune matambudziko akasiyana uye matambudziko mukuongorora vibration, vibration yekutarisa uye nekunzwisisa kwayo. Kazhinji, sezvo iyo vibration frequency inowedzera, zvinowedzera kuoma kuverenga / kuongorora kuwirirana pakati pekudengenyeka uye yekuedza / kuverenga chaiko nekuda kweakaoma maitiro maumbirwo.

Chaiyo Pombi uye Resonance

Kune marudzi mazhinji emapombi, akadai seaya ane spidhi inochinja, hazvigoneke kugadzira nekugadzira pombi ine muganho unonzwisisika mukurira pakati pese zvinobvira periodic perturbations (excitations) uye ese angangoita echisikigo modhi yekuzunguza..

Resonant mamiriro anowanzo kuvharika, senge variable speed motor drives (VSD) kana variable speed steam turbines, gasi turbines uye injini. Mukuita, pombi yepombi inofanira kuenzaniswa maererano nekuverenga resonance. Mamwe mamiriro eresonance haasi ane njodzi nekuda, semuenzaniso, iyo yakakwira damping inobatanidzwa mumamodhi.

Kune zvimwe zviitiko, nzira dzakakodzera dzekudzikisa dzinofanira kugadzirwa. Imwe nzira yekudzikisira ndeyekudzikisa mitoro yekukurudzira ichiita pamamodhi evibration. Semuyenzaniso, manyawi masimba nekuda kwekusaenzana uye kuenzana kwehuremu hwechikamu kunogona kudzikiswa kuburikidza nekuenzanisa kwakaringana. Aya masimba ekusimudzira anogona kazhinji kudzikiswa ne70% kusvika 80% kubva kumatanho ekutanga/akajairika.

Nokuda kwekunakidzwa kwepombi (resonance chaiyo), kutungamira kwekunakidza kunofanira kufanana nechimiro chechimiro chechimiro kuitira kuti maitiro echisikigo anogona kufadzwa nemutoro uyu wekukurudzira (kana chiito). Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kana kutungamira kwekukurudzira kusingaenderane nechimiro chechimiro, pane mukana wekugarisana neresonance. Semuyenzaniso, mafambiro ekukotama kazhinji haagone kunakidzwa neakasikwa frequency ye torsion. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, zvakabatanidzwa torsional transverse resonances inogona kuvapo. Mikana yemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kana zvisingawanzoitiki inofanira kuongororwa zvakakodzera.

Iyo yakaipisisa kesi ye resonance ndiko kusangana kwechisikigo uye mafaro maitiro maumbirwo panguva imwecheteyo. Pasi pemamwe mamiriro, kumwe kuteedzera kwakakwana kuti kunakidzwa kunofadza chimiro chemo.

Uyezve, mamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara ekubatanidza anogona kunge aripo uko kunakidzwa kwakati kunofadza zvisingaite nenzira dzakabatanidzwa dzevibrational. Nekuenzanisa nzira dzekunakidzwa uye maumbirwo emasikirwo emasikirwo, fungidziro inogona kuumbwa kana kunakidzwa kweimwe frequency kana harmonic kurongeka kune njodzi / kune njodzi kune pombi. Chiitiko chinoshanda, kuyedzwa kwakaringana, uye kumhanya mareferenzi ekutarisa inzira dzekuongorora njodzi mune theoretical resonance kesi.

Misalignment

Kusarongeka ndiko tsime guru resplit casekupomba vibration. Kurongeka kwakaganhurirwa kurongeka kwe shafts uye couplings kazhinji idambudziko guru. Kune kazhinji kacho madiki madiki eiyo rotor yepakati mutsara (radial offset) uye kubatanidzwa neangular offsets, semuenzaniso nekuda kweasina-perpendicular mating flanges. Saka pachagara paine kuzunguzika nekuda kwekusarongeka.

Kana mahafu ekubatanidza akasungwa pamwe chete nechisimba, kutenderera kweshaft kunogadzira maviri emasimba anotenderera nekuda kweradial offset uye maviri ekutenderera achikotama nguva nekuda kwekukanganisa. Pakutadza kurongeka, simba rekutenderera iri richaitika kaviri pashaft/rotor revolution uye hunhu hwekuzunguza kwemanyawiro inopeta kaviri shaft velocity.

Pamapombi akawanda, chiyero chekushanda uye / kana kuti harmonics inopindira nekumhanya kwakakosha (natural frequency). Naizvozvo, chinangwa ndechekudzivirira resonances ine njodzi, matambudziko uye malfunctions. Kuongororwa kwengozi kwakabatana kwakavakirwa pakuenzanisa kwakakodzera uye ruzivo rwekushandisa.