Panguva yekushanda kwe split case pombi, zvisingagamuchirwi vibrations hazvidiwi, sezvo vibrations kwete chete kutambisa zviwanikwa uye simba, asiwo kubereka zvisingakoshi ruzha, uye kunyange kukuvadza pombi, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira tsaona dzakakomba uye kukuvara. Kudengenyeka kwakajairika kunokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvinotevera.

1. Cavitation

Cavitation inowanzo gadzira yakasarudzika yakakwira frequency Broadband simba, dzimwe nguva inokwidziridzwa neblade pass frequency harmonics (yakawanda). Cavitation chiratidzo chekusakwana net positive suction head (NPSH). Kana iyo mvura inopomba ichiyerera nepakati pedzimwe nzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzekuyerera nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, iyo yakazara dzvinyiriro yemvura inodzikira kusvika kune yakazara mhute pressure (vaporization pressure) yemvura pakupomba tembiricha, iyo mvura inonyungudika pano, ichigadzira chiutsi, maBubbles. zvinoumbwa; panguva imwe chete, iyo gasi yakanyungudutswa mumvura ichave yakanyungudutswa mumhando yemabhubhu, ichigadzira maviri-chikamu kuyerera munzvimbo yemunharaunda. Apo bubble rinofamba richienda kunzvimbo yepamusoro-soro, mvura yakanyanyisa yakakomberedza bubble ichakurumidza kunyunguduka, kuderera uye kuputika bubble. Panguva iyo bhavhu rinonyunguduka, kuderera, uye kuputika, mvura yakatenderedza bubble inozadza mhango (yakagadzirwa neiyo condensation uye kuputika) nekumhanya kukuru, ichigadzira simba rekuvhunduka. Iyi nzira yekugadzira mabhuru uye kuputika kwemabhuru kukuvadza kuyerera-kupfuura zvikamu ndiyo cavitation process yepombi. Kudonha kwemhepo inoputika kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya uye kunogona kukuvadza pombi uye impeller. Kana cavitation ikaitika mupombi yekutsemura, zvinoita sekunge "mabhura" kana "gravel" iri kupfuura nepapombi. Chete kana iyo NPSH inodiwa yepombi (NPSHR) yakadzikira pane NPSH yechishandiso (NPSHA) inogona kudzivirirwa cavitation.

2. Kuyerera kwepombi

Pump pulsation chiitiko chinoitika kana pombi iri kushanda pedyo nemusoro wayo unovhara. Iwo mavibrations ari panguva waveform ichave sinusoidal. Zvakare, iyo spectrum icharamba ichitongwa ne1X RPM uye blade pass frequency. Nekudaro, aya nhongonya achave asina kurongeka, achiwedzera uye achidzikira sezvo kuyerera kunoitika. Iyo geji yekumanikidza papombi inobuda pombi inoshanduka ichikwira nekudzika. Kana iyopombi yekuparadzanisa kesioutlet ine swing cheki vharuvhu, ruoko rwevharuvhu uye counterweight inobhururuka ichidzokera kumashure, zvichiratidza kuyerera kusina kugadzikana.

3. Mushonga wepombi wakakotama

Dambudziko rakakotama shaft rinokonzeresa axial vibration, ine axial phase misiyano inoenda ku180 ° pane imwechete rotor. Kana iyo bend iri padyo nepakati pe shaft, iyo yakakura vibration inowanzoitika pa1X RPM; asi kana bend iri padhuze nekubatanidza, iyo yakakura vibration inoitika pa2X RPM. Zvinowanzoitika kuti pombi shaft igokotama kana pedyo nekubatanidza. Dial gauge inogona kushandiswa kusimbisa shaft deflection.

4. Kusagadzikana kwepombi impeller

Split kesi pombi impellers inofanirwa kunyatsoenderana pane yekutanga pombi inogadzira. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha nekuti masimba anokonzerwa nekusaenzana anogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya hupenyu hwepombi mabhengi (kubereka hupenyu kunopesana necube yemutoro wakaiswa simba). Mapombi anogona kunge ane pakati akarembera kana cantilevered impellers. Kana iyo impeller iri pakati-yakarembera, simba kusaenzana kunowanzopfuura kusaenzana kwevakaroorana. Muchiitiko ichi, mavibrations epamusoro anowanzo ari muradial (horizontal and vertical) direction. Iyo yakanyanya amplitude ichave iri pakumhanya kwepombi (1X RPM). Panyaya yekusaenzana kwesimba, iyo yakatwasuka lateral uye yepakati zvikamu zvichange zvakangofanana (+/- 30 °) sematanho akatwasuka. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakachinjika uye zvakadzika nhanho dzepombi imwe neimwe inotakura zvinowanzosiyana ne90° (+/- 30°). Nemagadzirirwo ayo, yepakati-yakamiswa impeller ine yakaenzana axial mauto pane emukati uye ekunze mabhengi. Yakakwidziridzwa axial vibration chiratidzo chakasimba chekuti pombi inodzivirirwa yakavharika nenyaya yekunze, zvichiita kuti axial vibration iwedzere pakumhanya kwekushanda. Kana pombi iine cantilevered impeller, izvi zvinowanzokonzera yakanyanyisa axial uye radial 1X RPM. Kuverenga kweAxial kunowanzo kunge kuri muchikamu uye kugadzikana, nepo cantilevered rotors ine radial phase kuverenga iyo inogona kunge isina kugadzikana ine zvese simba uye vaviri kusaenzana, chimwe nechimwe chingada kururamiswa. Naizvozvo, uremu hwekugadzirisa kazhinji hunofanirwa kuiswa pandege mbiri kurwisa masimba uye kusaenzana kwevaviri. Muchiitiko ichi zvinowanzodiwa kubvisa pombi rotor uye kuiisa pamushini wekuenzanisa kuti uenzanise kune zvakakwana zvakakwana sezvo 2 ndege dzisingasviki panzvimbo yevashandisi.

5. Kukanganisa kwepombi shaft

Shaft misalignment inzvimbo mune yakananga dhiraivha pombi uko mitsetse yepakati yeaviri akabatana shaft haawirirane. Parallel misalignment ndiyo nyaya apo mitsetse yepakati ye shafts inofanana asi inosiyana kubva kune imwe neimwe. Iyo vibration spectrum inowanzoratidza 1X, 2X, 3X ... yakakwirira, uye mumatambudziko akaoma, yakakwirira frequency harmonics ichaonekwa. Munzira yeradial, chikamu chekubatanidza Musiyano uri 180 °. Angular misalignment inoratidza yakakwira axial 1X, imwe 2X uye 3X, 180 ° chikamu kunze kwechikamu pamigumo yese yekubatana.

6. Dambudziko rekutakura pombi

Peaks paasina-synchronous frequencies (kusanganisira harmonics) zviratidzo zvekukunguruka kwekutakura kupfeka. Hupenyu hupfupi hwekutakura mumapombi akapatsanurwa kazhinji mhedzisiro yekusarudzika kwekutakura kwechishandiso, senge mitoro yakawandisa, kusazora mafuta kana kupisa kwakanyanya. Kana iyo inotakura mhando uye mugadziri anozivikanwa, iyo chaiyo frequency yekutadza kwemhete yekunze, mhete yemukati, rolling elements uye cage inogona kutsanangurwa. Aya ekutadza mafambiro emhando iyi yekubereka anogona kuwanikwa mumatafura mune akawanda ekufungidzira kuchengetedza (PdM) software nhasi.