1. Tsanangudzo uye Mamiriro Akakosha eImpeller Gap

Iyo gaka remhepo inoreva kupenya kweradial pakati pe impeller uye pombi casing (kana gwara vane mhete), kazhinji kubva pa 0.2 mm kusvika 0.5 mm. Iyi gap inokanganisa zvakanyanya kuita kwe  multistage vertical turbine pombi muzvinhu zvikuru zviviri:

● Kurasikirwa kweHydraulic: Mapoka akawandisa anowedzera kubuda kwemvura, kuderedza volumetric kunyatsoshanda; zvakawandisa zvimedu zvidiki zvinogona kukonzera friction kupfeka kana cavitation.

● Flow Characteristics: Kukura kwegap kunokanganisa zvakananga kuyerera kwekuyerera pane impeller outlet, zvichidaro inokanganisa musoro uye mashizha ekushanda.

2. Theoretical Basis for Impeller Gap Optimization

2.1 Volumetric Efficiency Kuvandudza

Kushanda kweVolumetric (ηₛ) kunotsanangurwa sereshiyo yekubuda chaiko kuyerera kune theoretical kuyerera:

ηₛ = 1 − QQleak

uko Qleak ndiko kuyerera kwekudonha kunokonzerwa neiyo impeller gap. Kugadzirisa gap kunonyanya kuderedza kuvuza. Semuyenzaniso:

● Kuderedza gap kubva 0.3 mm kusvika 0.2 mm kunoderedza kuvuza ne15-20%.

● Mumapombi ematanho akawanda, kuwedzera kwekugadzirisa mumatanho kunogona kuvandudza kushanda kwese ne5-10%.

2.2 Kuderedzwa kweHydraulic Losses

Kugadzirisa gap kunonatsiridza kuyerera kwakafanana pane impeller outlet, kuderedza mhirizhonga uye nekudaro kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemusoro. Semuyenzaniso:

● CFD simulations inoratidza kuti kuderedza gap kubva 0.4 mm kusvika 0.25 mm kunoderedza mhirizhonga kinetic simba ne 30%, inofananidzwa ne 4-6% kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba re shaft.

2.3 Cavitation Performance Enhancement

Mageji mahombe anowedzera kudzvinyirirwa painopinza, kuwedzera cavitation njodzi. Kugadzirisa gaka kunogadzirisa kuyerera uye kunosimudza NPSHr (net positive suction head) margin, kunyanya inoshanda pasi pemamiriro epasi-kuyerera.

3. Kuongorora Kuongorora uye Injiniya Nyaya

3.1 Laboratory Test Data

Sangano rekutsvakurudza rakaita bvunzo dzekuenzanisa pa multistage vertical turbine pombi (parameters: 2950 rpm, 100 m³ / h, 200 m musoro).

3.2 Mienzaniso Yekushandisa Maindasitiri

● Petrochemical Circulation Pump Retrofit: A refinery akaderedza impeller gap kubva 0.4 mm kusvika 0.28 mm, kuwana simba rekuchengetedza gore negore re120 kW · h uye 8% kuderedzwa kwemari yekushandisa.

● Offshore Platform Injection Pump Optimization: Kushandisa laser interferometry kudzora gap (± 0.02 mm), kushanda kwepombi yevhoriyamu yakavandudzwa kubva pa81% kusvika ku89%, kugadzirisa nyaya dzekudengenyeka kunokonzerwa nekuputika kwakanyanya.

4. Optimization Nzira uye Implementation Matanho

4.1 Mathematics Model yeGap Optimization

Kubva pamitemo yekufanana kwepombi yecentrifugal uye coefficients yekugadzirisa, hukama huripo pakati pegap nekushanda ndeiyi:

η = η₀(1 − k·δD)

uko δ ndiko ukoshi hwegap, D ndiyo dhayamita yeimpeller, uye k is an empirical coefficient (kazhinji 0.1–0.3).

4.2 Key Implementation Technologies

●Precision Manufacturing: CNC michina uye maturusi ekukuya anowana micro-mita-level chaiyo (IT7-IT8) yema impellers uye casings.

●In-Situ Measurement: Laser alignment maturusi uye ultrasonic ukobvu magauji anotarisisa mapundu panguva yegungano kudzivirira kutsauka.

● Dynamic Adjustment: Kune yakakwirira-tembiricha kana corrosive media, inotsiviwa yekuisa chisimbiso mhete dzine bolt-based fine-tuning inoshandiswa.

4.3 Kufunga

● Friction-Wear Balance: Undersized magapu anowedzera mechanical kupfeka; kuoma kwezvinhu (semuenzaniso, Cr12MoV yemapellers, HT250 yecasings) uye mamiriro ekushanda anofanira kuenzana.

● Muripo Wekuwedzera Kwekupisa: Akachengeterwa magapu (0.03-0.05 mm) anodiwa kune yakakwirira-tembiricha application (semuenzaniso, inopisa mafuta pombi).

5. Future Trends

●Digital Design: AI-yakavakirwa optimization algorithms (semuenzaniso, genetic algorithms) ichakurumidza kuona yakakwana mikaha.

●Additive Manufacturing: Metal 3D kudhinda inogonesa yakasanganiswa impeller-casing dhizaini, kuderedza zvikanganiso zvegungano.

●Smart Monitoring: Fiber-optic sensors akapetwa nemapatya edhijitari anogonesa chaiyo-nguva gap yekutarisa uye fungidziro yekushatisa kwekuita.

mhedziso

Impeller gap optimization ndiyo imwe yedzakanyanya nzira nzira dzekusimudzira multistage vertical turbine pombi kushanda zvakanaka. Kubatanidza kunyatsogadzira kugadzira, gadziriso ine simba, uye nehungwaru kutarisa kunogona kuwana budiriro ye5-15%, kuderedza mashandisiro emagetsi, uye kudzikisa mari yekugadzirisa. Nekufambira mberi mukugadzira uye analytics, gap optimization inoshanduka yakanangana nepamusoro-soro uye hungwaru, ichiva yakakosha tekinoroji yepombi simba retrofitting.

Cherechedza: Zvishandiso zveinjiniya zvinogadziriswa zvinofanirwa kubatanidza zvivakwa zvepakati, mamiriro ekushanda, uye zvipingaidzo zvemutengo, zvakasimbiswa kuburikidza nehupenyu kutenderera mutengo (LCC) kuongororwa.