Cavitation bụ ihe iyi egwu zoro ezo  mgbapụta turbine kwụ ọtọ  arụ ọrụ, na-ebute ịma jijiji, mkpọtụ, na ihe mgbochi nke nwere ike ibute ọdịda dị egwu. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi nhazi ha pụrụ iche (ogologo ogologo ruo iri puku mita) na nrụnye dị mgbagwoju anya, nyocha arụmọrụ cavitation (NPSHr mkpebi) maka nfuli turbine kwụ ọtọ na-ebute nnukwu ihe ịma aka.

I. Igwe Nnwale Emechiri-emechi: Nkenke na mmachi oghere

1.Ule ule na usoro

• Akụrụngwa bụ isi: Sistemu emechiri emechi (pupu oghere, tank stabilizer, flowmeter, sensọ nrụgide) maka njikwa nrụgide mbata ziri ezi.

• Usoro:

· Idozi ọsọ mgbapụta na ọsọ ọsọ.

· Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ belata nrụgide mbata ruo mgbe isi dara site na 3% (NPSHr definition point).

· Dekọọ nrụgide dị egwu ma gbakọọ NPSHr.

• Nzizi data: ± 2%, kwekọrọ na ụkpụrụ ISO 5199.

2. Ihe ịma aka maka nfuli turbine kwụ ọtọ

• Oke oghere: Standard emechi-loop rigs nwere ≤5 m elu kwụ ọtọ, ekwekọghị na nfuli ogologo ogologo (ogologo osisi a na-ahụkarị: 10-30 m).

• Mgbagha omume na-agbanwe agbanwe: mkpirisi osisi na-agbanwe ọsọ ọsọ dị egwu na ụdị ịma jijiji, skewing nsonaazụ ule.

3. Ngwa ụlọ ọrụ

• Jiri Okwu: Mkpirisi ogwe mmiri miri emi (ogwe ≤5 m), R&D prototype.

• Ọmụmụ ihe: Onye na-emepụta mgbapụta belatara NPSHr site na 22% mgbe emechara nhazi impeller site na nyocha 200 mechiri emechi.

II. Ihe Nnwale Mepee-Loop: Ịhazi mgbanwe na izi ezi

1. Ụkpụrụ ule

• Sistemụ mepere emepe:Na-eji ọdịiche dị n'ọkwa mmiri tank ma ọ bụ nfuli oghere maka njikwa nrụgide mbata (dị mfe mana nke pere mpe).

• Nkwalite igodo:

· Ndị na-ebufe nrụgide dị iche iche nke ziri ezi (njehie ≤0.1% FS).

· Laser flowmeters (± 0.5% izi ezi) na-edochi omenala turbine mita.

2. Ntụgharị mgbapụta mgbapụta kwụ ọtọ

• Simulation miri emi: Rụpụta osisi ndị dị n'okpuru ala (ihe omimi ≥ ogologo oge mgbapụta) iji megharịa ọnọdụ imikpu.

• Ndozi data:Ụdị CFD na-akwụ ụgwọ maka mfu nrụgide mbata nke nguzogide pipeline kpatara.

III. Nnwale Ubi: nkwado ụwa n'ezie

1. Ụkpụrụ ule

• Ndozi ọrụ: Megharịa nrụgide mbata site na valvụ throttling ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ọsọ VFD iji chọpụta isi ihe nkwụsị isi.

• Usoro igodo:

NPSHr=NPSHr=ρgPin+2gvin2-ρgPv

(Achọrọ ịlele nrịba mgbaba mbata, vin ọsọ, na okpomọkụ mmiri.)

usoro

Wụnye ihe mmetụta nrụgide dị elu na flange mbata.

Jiri nwayọ mechie valvụ mbata ka ị na-edekọ ọsọ, isi na nrụgide.

Ntube isi vs. mgbaka mgbaba mbata iji chọpụta ebe ngbanwe NPSHr.

2. Ihe ịma aka na ngwọta

• Ihe nnyonye anya:

· Pipe vibration → Wụnye mgbochi ịma jijiji mounts.

· Ntinye gas → Jiri ihe nleba anya ọdịnaya gas inline.

• Nkwalite nke ọma:

Nkezi ọtụtụ nha.

Nyochaa ụdị nhụsianya ịma jijiji (mmalite cavitation na-akpalite spikes ike 1–4 kHz).

IV. Nlele Nlereanya gbadara agbagoro: Nleba anya dị ọnụ ahịa

1. Ntụle Myiri Ihe ndabere

• Iwu mkpali: Jikwaa ọsọ ns kpọmkwem; size impeller akụkụ dị ka:

· QmQ=(DmD)3,HmH=(DmD)2

• Nlereanya Nlereanya:  1: 2 na 1: 5 nha nha; oyiri ihe na elu roughness.

2. Uru Uru Mgbapụta Turbine kwụ ọtọ

• ndakọrịta oghere: Modelsdị ogwe aka dị mkpụmkpụ dabara n'ụkpụrụ nyocha ọkọlọtọ.

• Nchekwa ọnụ: Ọnụ ego ule belatara ruo 10-20% nke ụdị nlebara anya zuru oke.

Isi mmalite na mmezi mperi

• Mmetụta Ọkwa:  Ngbanwe nọmba Reynolds → Tinye ụdị mgbazi ọgba aghara.

• Ịdị njọ elu:  Ụdị Polish ka Ra≤0.8μm iji wedata mfu esemokwu.

V. Digital Simulation: Virtual Testing Revolution

1. CFD Modele

• Usoro:

Wulite ụdị 3D zuru oke.

Hazie ịgba ọsọ multiphase (mmiri + vapor) na ụdị cavitation (dịka, Schnerr-Sauer).

Megharịa ruo mgbe isi 3% dara; wepụ NPSHr.

• nkwado: Nsonaazụ CFD na-egosi ≤8% ngbanwe site na ule anụ ahụ n'ọmụmụ ihe.

2. Amụma Ịmụ Igwe

• Ụzọ na-ebute data:  zụọ ụdị nlọghachi azụ na data akụkọ ihe mere eme; ntinye impeller paramita (D2, β2, wdg) iji buru amụma NPSHr.

• Uru: Na-ewepụ ule anụ ahụ, na-egbutu okirikiri imewe site na 70%.

Mmechi: Site na "Empirical Guesswork" ruo "Quantifiable Precision"

Nnwale cavitation turbine kwụ ọtọ ga-emerịrị echiche na-ezighi ezi na "ụdị pụrụ iche na-egbochi nnwale ziri ezi." Site na ijikọ mechiri emechi/oghe-loop rigs, field tests, scaled model, and digital simulations, injinia nwere ike wepụta NPSHr iji kwalite atụmatụ na atụmatụ mmezi. Ka nnwale ngwakọ na ngwa AI na-aga n'ihu, inweta ọhụụ zuru oke na njikwa ọrụ cavitation ga-abụ omume ọkọlọtọ.