1. Kev txhais thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Impeller Gap

Lub impeller qhov sib txawv yog hais txog qhov radial clearance ntawm lub impeller thiab lub twj tso kua mis casing (los yog qhia lub nplhaib), feem ntau yog li ntawm 0.2 hli mus rau 0.5 hli. Qhov kev sib txawv no cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm  multistage ntsug turbine twj tso kua mis nyob rau hauv ob qhov tseem ceeb:

● Hydraulic Losses: Ntau qhov sib txawv ua kom cov dej ntws tawm, txo qhov ua haujlwm ntawm volumetric; Qhov sib txawv me me heev yuav ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam hnav lossis cavitation.

● Flow Characteristics: Qhov sib txawv loj cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov dej ntws sib xws ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob impeller, yog li cuam tshuam rau lub taub hau thiab kev ua haujlwm nkhaus.

2. Theoretical Basis rau Impeller Gap Optimization

2.1 Volumetric Efficiency Txhim Kho

Volumetric efficiency (ηₛ) txhais tau tias yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov tseeb tso zis ntws mus rau theoretical flow:

ηₛ = 1 − QQleak

qhov twg Qleak yog qhov ntws ntws los ntawm qhov sib txawv impeller. Optimizing qhov sib txawv ho txo ​​cov to. Piv txwv li:

● Txo qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.3 hli mus rau 0.2 hli txo qhov xau los ntawm 15–20%.

● Hauv cov twj tso kua mis ntau theem, kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws thoob plaws theem tuaj yeem txhim kho tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm 5-10%.

2.2 Kev txo qis hauv Hydraulic poob

Optimizing qhov sib txawv pab txoj kev khiav uniformity ntawm lub impeller qhov hluav taws xob, txo turbulence thiab yog li txo lub taub hau poob. Piv txwv li:

● CFD simulations qhia tau tias txo qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.4 hli mus rau 0.25 hli txo qis zog kinetic zog los ntawm 30%, sib xws rau 4-6% txo ntawm cov ncej fais fab.

2.3 Cavitation Performance Enhancement

Cov khoob khoob loj ua rau lub siab ua haujlwm siab ntawm lub qhov nkag, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo siab cavitation. Optimizing qhov sib txawv stabilizes ntws thiab nce NPSHr (net zoo suction taub hau) npoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo nyob rau hauv qis-flow.

3. Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Engineering Case

3.1 Laboratory Test Data

Ib lub koom haum tshawb fawb tau ua qhov kev sim sib piv ntawm a multistage ntsug turbine twj tso kua mis (tsis: 2950 rpm, 100 m³ / h, 200 m taub hau).

3.2 Industrial Application Piv txwv

● Petrochemical Circulation Pump Retrofit: Ib lub refinery txo qhov impeller qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.4 hli mus rau 0.28 hli, ua tiav txhua xyoo kev txuag hluav taws xob ntawm 120 kW·h thiab 8% txo cov nqi khiav haujlwm.

● Offshore Platform Injection Pump Optimization: Siv laser interferometry los tswj qhov sib txawv (± 0.02 mm), lub twj tso kua mis volumetric efficiency txhim kho los ntawm 81% mus rau 89%, daws teeb meem kev vibration tshwm sim los ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv.

4. Txoj kev ua kom zoo thiab cov kauj ruam ua

4.1 Tus Qauv Zauv rau Gap Optimization

Raws li centrifugal twj tso kua mis zoo sib xws cov cai thiab kho coefficients, kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab efficiency yog:

η = η₀(1 - k·δD)

qhov twg δ yog tus nqi sib txawv, D yog lub impeller txoj kab uas hla, thiab k yog ib qho empirical coefficient (feem ntau yog 0.1-0.3).

4.2 Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb

●Precision Manufacturing: CNC tshuab thiab cov cuab yeej sib tsoo ua tiav micro-meter-theem precision (IT7-IT8) rau impellers thiab casings.

●Kev ntsuas hauv qhov chaw: Laser alignment cov cuab yeej thiab ultrasonic thickness gauges saib xyuas qhov khoob thaum sib dhos kom tsis txhob sib txawv.

● Kev hloov kho Dynamic: Rau qhov kub thiab txias los yog corrosive xov xwm, hloov tau sealing rings nrog bolt-based fine-tuning yog siv.

4.3 Kev txiav txim siab

● Kev Sib Nqus-Hnub Sib Nqus: Undersized gps nce txhua yam hnav; khoom hardness (xws li, Cr12MoV rau impellers, HT250 rau casings) thiab ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob yuav tsum sib npaug.

● Thermal Expansion Compensation: Reserved gaps (0.03–0.05 mm) yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov kub (xws li cov twj siv roj kub).

5. Yav tom ntej Trends

●Digital Design: AI-based optimization algorithms (piv txwv li, genetic algorithms) yuav txiav txim siab sai sai.

●Additive Manufacturing: Hlau 3D luam ntawv ua rau kev sib xyaw impeller-casing tsim, txo cov kev sib dhos yuam kev.

●Kev soj ntsuam ntse: Fiber-optic sensors ua ke nrog cov menyuam ntxaib digital yuav ua rau muaj kev saib xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm lub sijhawm thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.

xaus

Impeller gap optimization yog ib txoj hauv kev ncaj nraim los txhim kho multistage ntsug turbine twj efficiency. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev tsim khoom, kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, thiab kev saib xyuas ntse tuaj yeem ua tiav kev ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm 5-15%, txo kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab txo nqi txij nkawm. Nrog rau kev nce qib hauv kev tsim thiab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev ua kom zoo yuav hloov mus rau qhov siab dua thiab kev txawj ntse, dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb rau lub zog twj tso kua mis retrofitting.

Nco ntsoov: Cov kev daws teeb meem engineering yuav tsum sib koom ua ke cov khoom nruab nrab, kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov nqi txwv, raug lees paub los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas lub neej voj voog (LCC).