Ma ka hana o pahu moku pumps, uncceptable vibrations ʻaʻole makemake ʻia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole wale nā ​​​​vibrations e hoʻopau i nā kumu waiwai a me ka ikehu, akā hoʻopuka pū kekahi i ka walaʻau pono ʻole, a me ka hōʻino ʻana i ka pauma, hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pōʻino koʻikoʻi a me nā pōʻino. ʻO nā haʻalulu maʻamau ke kumu o kēia mau kumu.

1. Cavitation

Hoʻopuka pinepine ʻo Cavitation i ka ikehu ākea ākea kiʻekiʻe, i kekahi manawa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka blade pass frequency harmonics (nui). ʻO ka Cavitation kahi hōʻailona o ka lawa ʻole o ke poʻo hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi maikaʻi (NPSH). Ke kahe ka wai paila ma kekahi mau wahi kūloko o nā ʻāpana kahe no kekahi kumu, e emi ana ke kaomi paʻa o ka wai i ke kaomi mahu (vaporization pressure) o ka wai i ka wela o ka paila, e vaporize ka wai ma ʻaneʻi, e hana ana i ka mahu, Bubbles. ua hookumuia; i ka manawa like, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke kinoea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai i ke ʻano o nā ʻōpū, e hana ana i kahi kahe ʻelua ʻāpana i kahi wahi kūloko. I ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpuʻu i ka wahi paʻi kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka wai kaomi kiʻekiʻe a puni ka ʻōhū e hoʻopaʻa koke, hoʻemi a pohā ka ʻōpū. I ka manawa e hoʻokuʻu ai ka ʻōpū, e emi, a e pohā, e hoʻopiha ka wai a puni ka ʻōpū i ka lua (i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka condensation a me ka haki ʻana) i ka wikiwiki nui, e hoʻoulu ai i ka nalu haʻalulu ikaika. ʻO kēia kaʻina hana o ka hoʻohua ʻana i nā ʻōhū a me ka ʻā ʻana o nā ʻōpala e hōʻino i nā ʻāpana kahe-holo ʻo ia ke kaʻina cavitation o ka pamu. ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana o nā ʻōpala mahu he mea luku loa a hiki ke hōʻino i ka pamu a me ka impeller. Ke hiki mai ka cavitation i loko o kahi pahu pahu moku, ua like ia me nā "marbles" a i ʻole "gravel" e hele ana i loko o ka pama. Aia wale nō ka haʻahaʻa o ka NPSH o ka pamu (NPSHR) ma mua o ka NPSH o ka hāmeʻa (NPSHA) hiki ke pale ʻia ka cavitation.

2. Pump kahe kahe

ʻO ka pump pulsation kahi maʻi i hana ʻia i ka wā e hana ana kahi pamu ma kahi kokoke i kona poʻo pani. ʻO nā haʻalulu i ka nalu manawa he sinusoidal. Eia nō hoʻi, e hoʻomalu ʻia ka spectrum e 1X RPM a me nā alapine pass blade. Eia naʻe, e hele hewa ana kēia mau piko, e piʻi a emi ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana nā pulsations kahe. E hoʻololi i luna a i lalo ke ana kaomi ma ka paipu puka puka. Ina kapahu pahu mokuLoaʻa i ka puka ka pahu kowali, ʻo ka lima valve a me ke kaupaona ʻana e lele i hope a i waho, e hōʻike ana i ke kahe paʻa ʻole.

3. Piʻo ka pahu paila

ʻO ka pilikia axial shaft ke kumu o ka haʻalulu axial kiʻekiʻe, me nā ʻokoʻa axial phase e pili ana i 180 ° ma ka rotor like. Inā kokoke ka piko i ke kikowaena o ke kumu, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka haʻalulu nui ma 1X RPM; akā inā kokoke ka piko i ka hoʻopili ʻana, hiki ke haʻalulu nui ma 2X RPM. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka piko o ka pamu e kūlou ma kahi a kokoke paha i ka hui. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi dial gauge e hōʻoia i ka deflection shaft.

4. ʻO ka impeller pauma kaulike ʻole

Pono e kaulike pono nā impeller pahu pahu ho'oka'awale i ka mea hana pamu kumu. He mea koʻikoʻi loa kēia no ka mea hiki ke hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ke ola o nā bearings i nā ikaika i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka ʻike ʻole (e like ke ʻano o ke ola ʻana me ka cube o ka haʻahaʻa ikaika i hoʻopili ʻia). Hiki i nā pumps ke kau i waena a i ʻole nā ​​impeller cantilevered. Inā kau ʻia ka impeller, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaulike ma mua o ke kaulike ʻole. I kēia hihia, ʻo nā haʻalulu kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka ʻaoʻao radial (horizontal and vertical). ʻO ka amplitude kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka wikiwiki o ka hana o ka paila (1X RPM). I ka hihia o ka ikaika ʻole, ʻo ka pae ʻaoʻao ākea a me ka pae waena e like me ka like (+/- 30°) me nā pae kū. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻokoʻa nā ʻāpana ākea a me ke kūpaʻa o kēlā me kēia pahu pahu ma kahi o 90° (+/- 30°). Ma kona hoʻolālā ʻana, ua kaulike ka impeller i hoʻopaneʻe ʻia i ke kikowaena axial ma luna o nā bearings inboard a me waho. ʻO ka haʻalulu axial kiʻekiʻe kahi hōʻailona ikaika e pāpā ʻia ka impeller pump e nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻonui nui ai ka haʻalulu axial i ka wikiwiki o ka hana. Inā loaʻa ka impeller cantilevered i ka pamu, ʻo kēia ka hopena i kahi axial kiʻekiʻe a me radial 1X RPM. ʻO ka heluhelu Axial ke ʻano i loko a paʻa, ʻoiai nā rotors cantilevered me ka heluhelu ʻana o ka pae radial hiki ʻole ke paʻa i ka ikaika a me nā ʻāpana ʻelua, pono kēlā me kēia mea e hoʻoponopono. No laila, pono e kau ʻia nā kaupaona hoʻoponopono ma luna o 2 mau mokulele e pale aku i nā ikaika a me nā imbalances. I kēia hihia, pono e wehe i ka rotor pauma a kau ma luna o ka mīkini kaulike e kaulike ai i ka pololei kūpono ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā mokulele 2 ma ka pūnaewele mea hoʻohana.

5. Misalignment kumu kumu

ʻO ka misalignment shaft kahi kūlana i loko o kahi pahu hoʻokele pololei kahi i kū like ʻole ai nā laina waena o ʻelua mau kumu i hoʻopili ʻia. ʻO ka misalignment like ka hihia kahi i kūlike ai nā laina waena o nā shafts akā hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kekahi i kekahi. E hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka ʻano haʻalulu i ka 1X, 2X, 3X... kiʻekiʻe, a i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, e ʻike ʻia nā harmonic frequency kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka radial kuhikuhi, ka hui hui ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ʻo 180 °. E hōʻike ana ka misalignment angular i ka axial kiʻekiʻe 1X, kekahi 2X a me 3X, 180° ka pae ma waho o ka pae ma nā kihi ʻelua o ka hui.

6. Pilikia e lawe ana i ka paila

ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe ma nā alapine non-synchronous (me nā harmonics) he hōʻailona o ka ʻaʻahu ʻaʻahu ʻōwili. ʻO ke ola haʻahaʻa pōkole i nā pahu pahu moku ka hopena o ke koho ʻana i ka lawe ʻana no ka noi, e like me ke kaumaha nui, ka lubrication maikaʻi ʻole a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe wela. Inā ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka bearing a me ka mea hana, hiki ke hoʻoholo i ke alapine o ka hemahema o ke apo o waho, ke apo o loko, nā mea ʻōwili a me ka hale. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau alapine hāʻule no kēia ʻano bearing ma nā papa i ka hapa nui o nā polokalamu mālama wānana (PdM) i kēia mau lā.