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Rarraba Famfotin Case Vibration, Aiki, Dogara da Kulawa

Kategorien: Sabis na Fasaha About the Author: Asalin: Asalin Lokacin fitarwa: 2023-06-27
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Juyawa mai juyawa (ko rotor) yana haifar da girgizar da ake watsawa zuwa gatsaga harkafamfo sa'an nan zuwa kewaye da kayan aiki, bututu da kuma wurare. Girman jijjiga gabaɗaya ya bambanta tare da saurin juyi/shaft. A matsananciyar gudun, girman girgiza ya zama ya fi girma kuma shaft yana rawar jiki a cikin resonance. Rashin daidaituwa da rashin daidaituwa sune mahimman abubuwan da ke haifar da girgizar famfo. Koyaya, akwai wasu tushe da nau'ikan girgizar da ke da alaƙa da famfo.

 tsaga harka biyu tsotsa famfo masana'antun

Jijjiga, musamman saboda rashin daidaituwa da rashin daidaituwa, ya kasance mai da hankali kan damuwa ga aiki, aiki, aminci da aminci na yawancin famfo. Makullin shine tsarin tsari na tsari don girgizawa, daidaitawa, daidaitawa da saka idanu (sa ido kan rawar jiki). Yawancin bincike akantsaga harkajijjiga famfo, ma'auni, daidaitawa da saka idanu yanayin girgiza shine ka'idar.

 

Ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga abubuwa masu amfani na aikace-aikacen aiki da kuma sauƙaƙe hanyoyin da dokoki (ga masu aiki, injiniyoyin shuka da ƙwararru). Wannan labarin yana magana ne akan rawar jiki a cikin famfo da rikitattun matsaloli da dabarar matsalolin da zaku iya fuskanta.

 

Vibration a cikin Pkoto

Rarraba harka pumpsana amfani da su sosai a masana'antu da wurare na zamani. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an sami ci gaba zuwa ga sauri, ƙarin famfo mai ƙarfi tare da ingantaccen aiki da ƙananan matakan girgiza. Koyaya, don cimma waɗannan maƙasudan ƙalubale, ya zama dole a fi ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun aiki, aiki da kuma kula da famfo. Wannan yana fassara zuwa mafi kyawun ƙira, ƙirar ƙira, kwaikwaiyo, bincike, ƙira da kiyayewa.

 

Yawan girgiza zai iya zama matsala mai tasowa ko alamar gazawa mai zuwa. Ana ganin firgigit da abin da ke da alaƙa da girgizawa / hayaniya azaman tushen matsalolin aiki, batutuwan dogaro, rugujewa, rashin jin daɗi da damuwa na aminci.

 

Vibrating Pfasaha

Ainihin halaye na girgizawar rotor yawanci ana tattauna su bisa ga tsarin gargajiya da sauƙaƙa. Ta wannan hanyar, ana iya raba girgizar na'ura mai juyi zuwa sassa biyu a cikin ka'idar: vibration kyauta da girgizar tilastawa.

 

Vibration yana da manyan abubuwa guda biyu, tabbatacce da korau. A cikin ɓangaren gaba, mai jujjuya yana jujjuyawa tare da hanyar helical a kusa da axis mai ɗaukar hoto a cikin jujjuyawar shaft. Sabanin haka, a cikin raɗaɗin da ba daidai ba, cibiyar rotor tana karkata a kusa da axis mai ɗaukar hoto a gaba da jujjuyawar shaft. Idan an gina famfo kuma ana sarrafa shi da kyau, girgizar da ba ta dace ba yawanci tana lalacewa da sauri, yana mai da girgizar tilas ta zama babbar matsala.

 

Akwai kalubale daban-daban da wahalhalu a cikin nazarin rawar jiki, lura da rawar jiki da fahimtarsa. Gabaɗaya, yayin da mitar girgiza ya karu, yana ƙara wahala don ƙididdigewa / nazarin daidaituwa tsakanin girgizawa da gwajin gwaji / karatun gaske saboda sifofin yanayin hadaddun.

   

Ainihin famfo da Resonance

Ga nau'ikan famfo da yawa, kamar waɗanda ke da ikon saurin canzawa, ba shi da amfani a ƙirƙira da kera famfo tare da tazara mai ma'ana a cikin ra'ayi tsakanin duk abubuwan da ke faruwa na lokaci-lokaci (hargitsi) da duk yanayin yanayin girgiza..

 

Sau da yawa ba za a iya kaucewa yanayi mai ɗorewa ba, kamar masu tuƙi masu saurin gudu (VSD) ko injin tururi mai saurin gudu, injin turbin gas da injuna. A aikace, saitin famfo ya kamata a yi girma daidai da la'akari da resonance. Wasu yanayin resonance ba su da haɗari a zahiri saboda, alal misali, babban damping da ke cikin hanyoyin.

 

Don wasu lokuta, ya kamata a samar da hanyoyin rage da suka dace. Hanya ɗaya na ragewa ita ce ta rage nauyin motsa jiki da ke aiki akan yanayin girgiza. Misali, ƙarfin motsa jiki saboda rashin daidaituwa da bambance-bambancen nauyi na bangaren za a iya rage shi ta hanyar daidaita daidai. Ana iya rage waɗannan ƙarfin motsa jiki da kashi 70% zuwa 80% daga matakan asali/na al'ada.

 

Don ainihin tashin hankali a cikin famfo (ainihin resonance), jagorancin motsa jiki ya kamata ya dace da yanayin yanayin yanayi don yanayin yanayi na iya jin dadi ta wannan nauyin motsa jiki (ko aiki). A mafi yawan lokuta, idan jagorancin motsa jiki bai dace da yanayin yanayin yanayi ba, akwai yiwuwar zama tare da resonance. Misali, lankwasawa abubuwan zuga gabaɗaya ba za a iya jin daɗi ba a mitar torsion na halitta. A wasu lokuta da ba kasafai ba, ana iya samun sautin juzu'i mai jujjuyawa. Yiwuwar irin wannan yanayi na musamman ko na musamman ya kamata a tantance yadda ya kamata.

 

Mafi munin yanayi don resonance shine daidaituwar sifofin yanayi na yanayi da farin ciki a mitar guda ɗaya. Ƙarƙashin wasu sharuɗɗa, wasu yarda sun wadatar don tashin hankali don tada siffar yanayin.

 

Bugu da ƙari, rikitattun yanayi na haɗakarwa na iya kasancewa inda wani ƙayyadadden tashin hankali zai burge yanayin da ba zai yuwu ba ta hanyar hanyoyin jijjiga guda biyu. Ta hanyar kwatanta yanayin tashin hankali da sifofi na yanayi, ana iya samun ra'ayi ko tashin hankali na takamaiman mita ko tsari na jituwa yana da haɗari / haɗari ga famfo. Kwarewar aiki, ingantacciyar gwaji, da gudanar da binciken bincike hanyoyi ne don tantance haɗari a cikin lamuran haɓakar ka'idoji.


Misalignment

Kuskure shine babban tushentsaga harkafamfo rawar jiki. Ƙayyadadden daidaiton daidaitattun sanduna da haɗin gwiwa galibi babban kalubale ne. Sau da yawa ana samun ƙananan gyare-gyare na layin tsakiya na rotor (radial offset) da haɗin kai tare da ɓangarorin angular, alal misali saboda rashin daidaituwa na mating flanges. Don haka koyaushe za a sami ɗan girgiza saboda rashin daidaituwa.

 

Lokacin da aka haɗa ɓangarorin haɗin gwiwa da ƙarfi tare, jujjuyawar ramin yana haifar da juzu'i biyu na jujjuyawa saboda radial diyya da lokacin jujjuyawa biyu saboda rashin daidaituwa. Don rashin daidaituwa, wannan ƙarfin jujjuyawar zai faru sau biyu a kowace shaft/juyin juyi kuma yanayin saurin tashin hankali ya ninka saurin shaft.

 

Don fafuna da yawa, kewayon saurin aiki da/ko jituwarsa suna tsoma baki tare da matsananciyar gudu (mitar yanayi). Sabili da haka, makasudin shine a guje wa faɗakarwa masu haɗari, matsaloli da rashin aiki. Ƙididdigar haɗari mai alaƙa ta dogara ne akan abubuwan kwaikwayo masu dacewa da ƙwarewar aiki.


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