1. Shaft

Mapampu okhala ndi ma shaft aatali amatha kukhala osalimba kwa shaft, kupotokola kwambiri, komanso kusawongoka bwino kwa shaft system, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mikangano pakati pa magawo osuntha (drive shaft) ndi magawo osasunthika (ma bere otsetsereka kapena mphete zapakamwa), zomwe zimapangitsa kugwedezeka. Kuonjezera apo, shaft ya pampu ndi yayitali kwambiri ndipo imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya madzi othamanga mu dziwe, zomwe zimawonjezera kugwedezeka kwa gawo la pansi pa madzi la mpope. Ngati kusiyana kwa mbale yotsalira kumapeto kwa shaft ndi yaikulu kwambiri, kapena kayendedwe ka axial kakugwira ntchito molakwika, kumapangitsa kuti shaft isunthike pafupipafupi ndikupangitsa chitsamba chonyamula kugwedezeka. Kukhazikika kwa shaft yozungulira kumapangitsa kugwedezeka kwa shaft.

2. Maziko ndi Pumpu Bracket

Mawonekedwe olumikizirana pakati pa chimango cha chipangizo choyendetsa ndi maziko si abwino, ndipo maziko ndi makina amagalimoto ali ndi mayamwidwe osamveka bwino, kufalikira, komanso kudzipatula, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu kwa maziko ndi mota. Ngati gawo logawanika la centrifugal pumpfoundation liri lotayirira, kapena gawo logawanika la centrifugal mpope lipanga maziko otanuka panthawi yoyika, kapena kulimba kwa maziko kumachepa chifukwa cha kuwira kwa madzi omizidwa ndi mafuta, pampu yogawanika ya centrifugal idzapanga liwiro lina lovuta ndi Kusiyana kwa gawo la 1800 kuchokera ku kugwedezeka, potero kumawonjezera kugwedezeka kwafupipafupi kwa pampu yapampu ya centrifugal. Ngati kuwonjezeka Ngati mafupipafupi ali pafupi kapena ofanana ndi mafupipafupi a chinthu chakunja, matalikidwe a pampu ya centrifugal yogawanika idzawonjezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, ma bolt a nangula otayirira amachepetsa kuuma koletsa ndikukulitsa kugwedezeka kwa mota.

3. Kulumikizana

Kutalikirana kozungulira kwa mabawuti olumikizirana ndi koyipa, ndipo symmetry imawonongeka; gawo lowonjezera la kugwirizana ndilokhazikika, lomwe lidzapangitse mphamvu zowonongeka; tepi ya kugwirizana ndi chifukwa cha kulolerana; static balance kapena dynamic balance ya coupling si yabwino; elasticity Kukwanira pakati pa pini ndi kugwirizana kumakhala kolimba kwambiri, kuchititsa kuti pini yotanuka iwonongeke komanso kuchititsa kuti kugwirizana zisagwirizane bwino; kusiyana kofananira pakati pa kugwirizana ndi shaft ndi kwakukulu kwambiri; Kuvala kwamakina kwa mphete yolumikizira mphira Kuchita kofananira kwa mphete ya mphira yolumikizira kumachepetsedwa; ubwino wa ma bolts opatsirana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kugwirizana sikufanana wina ndi mzake. Zifukwa zonsezi zimayambitsa kugwedezeka.

4. Zinthu za Pampu palokha

Asymmetric kuthamanga kumunda kwaiye pamene impeller atembenuza; kuphulika mu dziwe loyamwitsa ndi chitoliro cholowera; kupezeka ndi kutha kwa ma vortices mkati mwa ma impeller, ma volute ndi owongolera vanes; kugwedera chifukwa cha vortices chifukwa theka-kutsegula valavu; chifukwa cha chiwerengero chochepa cha ma impeller masamba Osafanana kutulutsa kuthamanga kugawa; kutuluka kwa mpweya mu mpweya; kuthamanga; pulsating kuthamanga mu njira yotuluka; cavitation; madzi amayenda m'thupi la mpope, zomwe zingayambitse kukangana ndi kukhudza thupi la mpope, monga madzi akugunda lilime la baffle ndi kutsogolo kwa chowongolera. Mphepete mwa thupi la mpope imayambitsa kugwedezeka; mapampu apakati omwe amanyamula madzi otentha kwambiri amatha kugwedezeka kwa cavitation; Kuthamanga kwamphamvu mu thupi la mpope kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha mphete yosindikizira ya mpope. Kusiyana kwa mphete yosindikizira ya pampu ndi yayikulu kwambiri, kumapangitsa kuti kutayikira kwakukulu kutayike komanso kusefukira kwamphamvu m'thupi la mpope, ndiyeno Kusalinganika kwa mphamvu ya rotor axial mphamvu ndi kugunda kwamphamvu kumawonjezera kugwedezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, pamapampu otentha a centrifugal omwe amapereka madzi otentha, ngati kutentha kwa mpope sikuli kofanana musanayambe, kapena makina otsetsereka a pampu ya centrifugal sakugwira ntchito bwino, kuwonjezereka kwapampu kudzachitika. , zomwe zingayambitse kugwedezeka kwamphamvu panthawi yoyambira; thupi la mpope limayambitsidwa ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kutentha, etc. Ngati kupanikizika kwamkati mkati mwa shaft sikungathe kumasulidwa, kumapangitsa kuti kuuma kwa kayendedwe ka shaft kusinthe. Pamene kuuma kosinthika kumakhala kophatikizika kambirimbiri kagawo kakang'ono ka dongosolo, resonance idzachitika.

5. Magalimoto

Zigawo zamagalimoto ndizotayirira, chida choyikirapo ndi chotayirira, chitsulo chachitsulo chachitsulo cha silicon ndichotayirira kwambiri, ndipo kuuma kwa kuthandizira kumachepa chifukwa cha kuvala, zomwe zingayambitse kugwedezeka. Misa eccentricity, kugawa kozungulira kosiyanasiyana komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakupindika kwa rotor kapena zovuta zogawa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolemetsa zochulukirapo komanso zosinthika. Kuonjezera apo, mipiringidzo ya gologolo ya rotor ya galimoto ya gologolo imasweka, zomwe zimapangitsa kusalinganika pakati pa mphamvu ya maginito pa rotor ndi mphamvu yozungulira ya rotor, kuchititsa kugwedezeka. Kutayika kwa gawo la mota, mphamvu zopanda malire za gawo lililonse ndi zifukwa zina zingayambitsenso kugwedezeka. M'mapindidwe a mota ya stator, chifukwa cha zovuta zamakhalidwe panthawi yoyika, kukana pakati pa mafunde a gawo kumakhala kosakwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu yamagetsi yosagwirizana komanso mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi iyi imakhala mphamvu yosangalatsa ndipo imayambitsa kugwedezeka.

6. Kusankha Pampu ndi Zosintha Zogwiritsira Ntchito

Pampu iliyonse ili ndi malo ake ogwiritsira ntchito. Kaya zochitika zenizeni zogwirira ntchito zimagwirizana ndi zomwe zimapangidwira zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwa mpope. Pampu yapampu ya centrifugal imagwira ntchito mokhazikika pansi pamikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito, koma ikamagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana, kugwedezeka kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha mphamvu ya radial yopangidwa mu chopondera; pampu imodzi imasankhidwa molakwika, kapena mitundu iwiri ya mpope sagwirizana. mogwirizana. Izi zipangitsa kugwedezeka mu mpope.

7. Bearings ndi Mafuta

Ngati kuuma kwa chiberekero kuli kotsika kwambiri, kumapangitsa kuti liwiro loyamba lichepetse ndikupangitsa kugwedezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa kalozera kumabweretsa kukana kuvala bwino, kusakhazikika bwino, komanso kutulutsa kopitilira muyeso, komwe kungayambitse kugwedezeka; pamene kuvala kwa thrust bear ndi zina zogudubuza zidzakulitsa kugwedezeka kwa nthawi yayitali ndi kupindika kwa shaft nthawi yomweyo. . Kusankhidwa molakwika kwa mafuta opaka mafuta, kuwonongeka, zonyansa zochulukira komanso kulephera kwamafuta obwera chifukwa cha mapaipi opaka mafuta kumapangitsa kuti malo ogwirira ntchito awonongeke ndikupangitsa kugwedezeka. Kudzisangalatsa kwa filimu yamafuta ya mota yotsetsereka kumapangitsanso kugwedezeka.

8. Mapaipi, Kuyika ndi Kukonzekera.

Thandizo la chitoliro chotulutsira pampu silili lolimba mokwanira ndipo limapunduka kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitolirocho chikankhire pansi pa mpope, kuwononga kusalowerera ndale kwa thupi la mpope ndi galimoto; chitoliro chimakhala cholimba kwambiri panthawi yoyika, ndipo mapaipi olowera ndi otuluka amawonongeka mkati akalumikizidwa ndi mpope. Kupanikizika ndi kwakukulu; mapaipi olowera ndi otuluka amakhala omasuka, ndipo kuuma koletsa kumachepa kapena kulephera; njira yotuluka imasweka kwathunthu, ndipo zinyalala zimakakamira mu choyikapo; payipi si yosalala, monga thumba mpweya pa potulukira madzi; valavu yotulutsira madzi yachoka pa mbale, kapena sichitsegula; cholowera chamadzi chawonongeka Mpweya wolowera, malo oyenda osagwirizana, komanso kusinthasintha kwamphamvu. Zifukwa izi zitha kuyambitsa kugwedezeka kwa mpope ndi mapaipi mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina.

9. Kugwirizana Pakati pa Zigawo

Kukhazikika kwa shaft ya mota ndi shaft ya pampu sikuloledwa; cholumikizira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana pakati pa mota ndi shaft yopatsira, ndipo kukhazikika kwa kulumikizanako sikuloledwa; kapangidwe pakati pa magawo osunthika komanso osasunthika (monga pakati pa chiwongolero champhamvu ndi mphete yapakamwa) Kuvala kwapakati kumakhala kokulirapo; kusiyana pakati pa bulaketi yapakati yonyamula ndi silinda yapope kumaposa muyezo; kusiyana pakati pa mphete yosindikiza sikoyenera, kumayambitsa kusalinganika; kusiyana kozungulira mphete yosindikiza sikuli kofanana, monga mphete yapakamwa siinayimidwe kapena kugawa sikunapangidwe, zidzatero Izi zimachitika. Zinthu zoyipazi zimatha kuyambitsa kugwedezeka.

10. Woyambitsa

Centrifugal pump impeller mass eccentricity. Kuwongolera kwaubwino pakupanga kwamphamvu sikwabwino, mwachitsanzo, kuponya kwabwino komanso kulondola kwa makina sikuli koyenera; kapena madzi onyamulidwa ndi owononga, ndipo njira yoyendetsera mpweya imakokoloka ndikuwonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti choyimitsacho chikhale chopanda malire. Kaya chiwerengero cha masamba, ngodya yotulukira, ngodya yokulunga, ndi mtunda wozungulira pakati pa lilime logawanitsa mmero ndi m'mphepete mwa choyipitsa cha centrifugal mpope ndizoyenera, ndi zina zotero. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, kukangana koyamba pakati pa mphete yotulutsa mpweya ndi mpope. mphete yapampu yapakati, ndi pakati pa tchire lapakati ndi gawo logawanitsa, pang'onopang'ono imasanduka mikangano yamakina ndi kuvala, zomwe zimakulitsa kugwedezeka kwa pampu yapakati.