pakuti mapampu a turbine otsika pansi pamadzi muutumiki, timalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotsatsira kwanuko kuti zithandizire kukonza zolosera komanso kuthetsa mavuto.

Pampu Opaleshoni

Mapampu amapangidwa kuti akwaniritse ndikugwira ntchito pamapangidwe odziwika komanso kukakamiza / mutu wosiyana. Kugwira ntchito mkati mwa 10% mpaka 15% ya Best Efficiency Point (BEP) kumachepetsa kugwedezeka komwe kumakhudzana ndi mphamvu zamkati zopanda malire. Dziwani kuti kupatuka kwa maperesenti kuchokera ku BEP kumayesedwa potengera kuyenda kwa BEP. Kupitilira apo mpope umayendetsedwa kuchokera ku BEP, m'pamene umakhala wodalirika kwambiri.

Mphepete mwa mpope ndi ntchito ya zipangizo pamene palibe vuto, ndipo malo ogwiritsira ntchito pompu yogwira ntchito bwino amatha kuneneratu ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi kutulutsa kutulutsa kapena kutuluka. Ngati zidazo zikulephera, magawo onse atatu omwe ali pamwambawa ayenera kudziwika kuti adziwe chomwe chiri vuto ndi mpope. Komabe, popanda kuyeza zomwe zili pamwambapa, ndizovuta kudziwa ngati pali vuto ndi submersible. pampu yoyimirira ya turbine. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa mita yothamanga ndi kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu zoyezera.

Pamene kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga ndi kusiyanitsa / mutu kumadziwika, konzekerani pa graph. Malo okonzedwawo ayenera kukhala pafupi ndi piritsi la mpope. Ngati ndi choncho, mutha kudziwa nthawi yomweyo kuti zidazo zikugwira ntchito patali bwanji ndi BEP. Ngati mfundoyi ili pansi pa phokoso la mpope, zikhoza kudziwika kuti mpope sikugwira ntchito monga momwe anapangidwira ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi kuwonongeka kwa mkati.

Ngati mpope nthawi zonse ikuyenda kumanzere kwa BEP yake, ikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi yaikulu kwambiri ndipo njira zothetsera vutoli zimaphatikizapo kudula chowongolera.

Ngati pampu ya turbine yosunthika yotsika pansi pamadzi imakonda kuthamanga kumanja kwa BEP yake, ikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi yocheperako. Njira zothetsera vutoli zikuphatikizapo kuonjezera m'mimba mwake, kuonjezera liwiro la mpope, kugwedeza valve yotulutsa kapena kuchotsa mpope ndi imodzi yomwe imapangidwira kuti ikhale yothamanga kwambiri. Kugwiritsira ntchito pampu pafupi ndi BEP yake ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino zowonetsetsa kudalirika kwakukulu.

Net Positive Suction Head

Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) ndi muyeso wa chizolowezi chamadzimadzi kukhalabe madzi. Pamene NPSH ndi ziro, madzi amakhala pa nthunzi wake kapena kuwira. The Net Positive Suction Head Required (NPSHr) pamapindikira a pampu ya centrifugal imatanthawuza mutu woyamwa womwe umafunika kuti madzi asasunthike akamadutsa pamtunda wocheperako pa dzenje lakuya.

The kupezeka ukonde wabwino suction mutu (NPSHHa) ayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa kapena wofanana NPSHr kupewa cavitation - chodabwitsa kumene thovu kupanga mu otsika kuthamanga zone pa impeller suction anabowola ndiyeno kugwa mwachiwawa mu zone kuthamanga kwambiri, kuchititsa kukhetsa zinthu ndi kugwedezeka kwapampu, komwe kungayambitse kulephera kwa kusindikiza ndi makina pagawo laling'ono la moyo wawo. Pakuthamanga kwambiri, mitengo ya NPSHr pamapindi a pampu ya submersible of vertical vertical turbine imawonjezeka kwambiri.

Suction pressure gauge ndiyo njira yothandiza komanso yolondola yoyezera NPSHa. Pali zifukwa zambiri zosiyana zochepetsera NPSHa. Komabe, zoyambitsa zofala kwambiri ndi chingwe chotsekeka, valavu yotsekera pang'ono, ndi fyuluta yotsekeka yoyamwa. Komanso, kuyendetsa mpope kumanja kwa BEP kumawonjezera NPSHr ya mpope. A suction pressure gauge akhoza kuikidwa kuti athandize wogwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira vuto.

Zosefera Zoyamwa

Mapampu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zosefera zoyamwa kuti zinthu zakunja zisalowe ndikuwononga chopondera ndi volute. Vuto ndilokuti amatseka pakapita nthawi. Akatsekeka, kutsika kwapakati pa fyuluta kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimachepetsa NPSHa. Choyezera chachiwiri chokokera mphamvu chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pamwamba pa fyulutayo kuti chifanane ndi choyezera champhamvu cha mpope kuti muwone ngati fyulutayo yatsekeka. Ngati ma geji awiriwa sakuwerenga mofanana, zikuwonekeratu kuti plugging ya fyuluta ilipo.

Seal Support Pressure Monitoring

Ngakhale zisindikizo zamakina nthawi zonse sizimayambitsa, zimaganiziridwa kuti ndizofala kwambiri pakulephera kwa mapampu a turbine osunthika. Mapulogalamu othandizira mapaipi osindikizira a API amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga mafuta oyenera, kutentha, kuthamanga ndi / kapena kuyanjana kwamankhwala. Kusunga pulogalamu yamapaipi ndikofunikira kuti muwonjezere kudalirika. Chifukwa chake, kusamala kwambiri kuyenera kuperekedwa ku zida za chithandizo chosindikizira. Kuthamangitsira kunja, kuzimitsa nthunzi, mapoto osindikizira, makina oyendetsa magetsi ndi magetsi a gasi ayenera kukhala ndi zida zoyezera kuthamanga.

Kutsiliza

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti mapampu ochepera 30% ali ndi zida zoyezera kuthamanga kwamphamvu. Komabe, palibe kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zingalepheretse kulephera kwa zida ngati deta siyikuwonedwa bwino ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kaya ndi pulojekiti yatsopano kapena pulojekiti yobwezeretsanso, kuyika zida zoyenera za in-situ kuyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti ogwiritsa ntchito atha kuthana ndi zovuta komanso kukonza zolosera pazida zofunika kwambiri.