Onse ogwiritsa ntchito ndi opanga amayembekezera pampu ya axial split case kuti nthawi zonse azigwira ntchito pamalo abwino kwambiri (BEP). Tsoka ilo, chifukwa cha zifukwa zambiri, mapampu ambiri amachoka ku BEP (kapena amagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono), koma kupatuka kumasiyanasiyana. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zochitika zoyenda pansi pa katundu wochepa.

Ntchito yolemetsa pang'ono

Ntchito yolemetsa pang'ono imatanthawuza momwe pampu imagwirira ntchito osafikira katundu (nthawi zambiri malo opangira kapena malo abwino kwambiri).

Zowoneka bwino za mpope pansi pa katundu wochepa

pamene pampu ya axial split case Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakulemedwa pang'ono, nthawi zambiri imachitika: kuyambiranso kwamkati, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu (ie, zomwe zimatchedwa mphamvu yosangalatsa), kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa ma radial, kugwedezeka kowonjezereka, ndi kuwonjezereka kwaphokoso. Pazovuta kwambiri, kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi cavitation kumatha kuchitika.

Mphamvu yosangalatsa ndi gwero

Pansi pazambiri zolemetsa, kupatukana kwakuyenda ndi kubwereza kumachitika mu chopondera ndi diffuser kapena volute. Zotsatira zake, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kumapangidwa mozungulira chopondera, chomwe chimapanga zomwe zimatchedwa mphamvu yosangalatsa yomwe imagwira pa rotor yapampu. M'mapampu othamanga kwambiri, mphamvu za hydraulic zosakhazikika izi nthawi zambiri zimaposa mphamvu zamakina zosalinganiza ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala gwero lalikulu la kugwedezeka kwamphamvu.

Kubwereranso kwa kutuluka kuchokera ku diffuser kapena volute kubwerera ku choyikapo ndipo kuchokera ku choyimitsa kubwerera ku doko loyamwa kumayambitsa kuyanjana kwakukulu pakati pa zigawozi. Izi zimakhudza kwambiri kukhazikika kwa mutu wokhotakhota komanso mphamvu zokondweretsa.

Madzimadzi omwe amazunguliranso kuchokera ku diffuser kapena volute amalumikizananso ndi madzi omwe ali pakati pa khoma la mbali ndi choyikapo. Choncho, zimakhudza kwambiri axial kukankhira ndi madzimadzi akuyenda kudutsa kusiyana, zomwe zimakhala ndi chikoka chachikulu pa ntchito yamphamvu ya rotor mpope. Choncho, kuti mumvetse kugwedezeka kwa rotor ya pampu, zochitika zoyenda pansi pa katundu wambiri ziyenera kumveka.

Fluid flow phenomena pansi pa katundu pang'ono

Pamene kusiyana pakati pa malo ogwirira ntchito ndi malo opangira (kawirikawiri malo abwino kwambiri) kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono (kusunthira kumalo otsetsereka pang'ono), kuyenda kosasunthika kwamadzimadzi kumapangidwira pazitsulo zopopera kapena zowonongeka chifukwa cha kuyenda kosayenda bwino, zomwe zidzatsogolera kupatukana kwakuyenda (de-flow) ndi kugwedezeka kwamakina, limodzi ndi phokoso lowonjezereka ndi cavitation. Pamene ntchito pa gawo katundu (ie otsika mitengo otaya), mbiri tsamba amasonyeza wosakhazikika otaya zochitika - madzimadzi sangathe kutsatira mkombero wa mbali kuyamwa mbali ya masamba, zomwe zimabweretsa kulekana kwa otaya wachibale. Kupatukana kwa malire amadzimadzi wosanjikiza ndi njira yosasunthika yothamanga ndipo imasokoneza kwambiri kupotoza ndi kutembenuka kwamadzimadzi pazithunzi za tsamba, zomwe ndizofunikira pamutu. Zimayambitsa kugunda kwamphamvu kwamadzi osinthidwa munjira yotuluka pampu kapena zigawo zolumikizidwa ndi mpope, kugwedezeka ndi phokoso. Kuphatikiza pa kulekanitsidwa kwa gawo la malire amadzimadzi, kupitilirabe koyipa kwa gawo lonyamula katundu nkhani yogawa pampu imakhudzidwanso ndi kusakhazikika kwa gawo lakunja la katundu wobwereketsa pa impeller inlet (inlet return flow) ndi kubwezeredwa kwa gawo lamkati pa chotulutsa cha impeller (outlet return flow). Kubwezeretsanso kwakunja pa cholowera cha impeller kumachitika ngati pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kuthamanga (pansi) ndi malo opangira. Mwa zina katundu zinthu, otaya malangizo a polowera recirculation ndi zotsutsana ndi otaya waukulu malangizo mu suction chitoliro - akhoza wapezeka patali lolingana angapo kuyamwa chitoliro diameters mosiyana ndi otaya waukulu. Kukula kwa axial otaya a recirculation amaletsedwa mwachitsanzo, partitions, elbows ndi kusintha kwa chitoliro mtanda gawo. Ngati axial kupatukana pompa kake ndi mutu wapamwamba ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi imayendetsedwa pa katundu wochepa, malire ochepa, kapena ngakhale pakufa, mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu ya dalaivala idzasamutsidwa kumadzimadzi omwe akuyendetsedwa, kuchititsa kutentha kwake kukwera mofulumira. Izi zidzachititsa kuti mpweya wopopera uwonongeke, zomwe zingawononge mpope (chifukwa cha kupanikizana kwa gap) kapena kuchititsa kuti pampu iphulike (kuchuluka kwa nthunzi).

Kutsika kosalekeza kosalekeza kumayenda

Pa mpope womwewo, kodi kuchuluka kwake kosasunthika kosasunthika kosalekeza (kapena kuchuluka kwa liwiro labwino kwambiri) kumakhala kofanana pamene ikuyenda pa liwiro lokhazikika komanso liwiro losinthika?

Yankho ndi lakuti inde. Chifukwa kutsika kosasunthika kosalekeza kwa mpope wa axial split case kumagwirizana ndi liwiro loyamwa, pomwe kukula kwa mawonekedwe amtundu wa pampu (zigawo zodutsa) zatsimikiziridwa, kuthamanga kwake kumatsimikiziridwa, ndi mtundu womwe mpope Itha kugwira ntchito mokhazikika imatsimikiziridwa (yokulirapo liwiro loyamwa, chocheperako chapampu khola la opareshoni), ndiye kuti, kuchuluka kwaposachedwa kokhazikika kwa mpope kumatsimikiziridwa. Choncho, pampu yomwe ili ndi kukula kwake, kaya ikuthamanga mofulumira kapena mofulumira, kuthamanga kwake kocheperako kosasunthika (kapena peresenti ya njira yabwino kwambiri yothamanga) ndi yofanana.