1. Tanthauzo ndi Zotsatira Zazikulu za Impeller Gap

Kusiyana kwa choyikapo kumatanthawuza kuloledwa kwa radial pakati pa choyikapo nyali ndi mpope casing (kapena kalozera vane mphete), nthawi zambiri kuyambira 0.2 mm mpaka 0.5 mm. Kusiyana kumeneku kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya  mapampu a turbine multistage of vertical turbine m'mbali ziwiri zazikulu:

● Kutayika kwa Hydraulic: Mipata yambiri imawonjezera kutuluka kwa madzi, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya volumetric; mipata yaying'ono kwambiri imatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale mikangano kapena cavitation.

● Mawonekedwe Oyenda: Kukula kwa kusiyana kumakhudza mwachindunji kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka mpweya, motero kumakhudza mutu ndi ma curve oyenerera.

2. Maziko ongoganiza a Impeller Gap Optimization

2.1 Kupititsa patsogolo Kuchita Bwino kwa Volumetric

Kuchita bwino kwa volumetric (ηₛ) kumatanthauzidwa ngati chiŵerengero cha kutuluka kwenikweni kwa kayendedwe ka zangongole:

ηₛ = 1 − QQleak

pomwe Qleak ndiye kutuluka kwamadzi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwamphamvu. Kuwongolera kusiyana kumachepetsa kwambiri kutayikira. Mwachitsanzo:

● Kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa 0.3 mm mpaka 0.2 mm kumachepetsa kutayikira ndi 15-20%.

● M'mapampu amitundu yambiri, kukhathamiritsa kowonjezereka m'magawo angapo kumatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zonse ndi 5-10%.

2.2 Kuchepetsa Kutayika kwa Hydraulic

Kuwongolera kusiyana kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kufanana kwamayendedwe pachotulutsa chotulutsa, kuchepetsa chipwirikiti motero kumachepetsa kutayika kwa mutu. Mwachitsanzo:

● Mayesero a CFD amasonyeza kuti kuchepetsa kusiyana kuchokera ku 0.4 mm kufika ku 0.25 mm kumachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi 30%, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kuchepetsa 4-6% pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya shaft.

2.3 Kupititsa patsogolo Ntchito ya Cavitation

Mipata ikuluikulu imakulitsa kugunda kwamphamvu panjira, ndikuwonjezera chiwopsezo cha cavitation. Kuwongolera kusiyana kumapangitsa kuyenda ndikukweza malire a NPSHr (net positive suction head), makamaka yogwira mtima pansi pamikhalidwe yotsika.

3. Mayesero Otsimikizira ndi Milandu Yaumisiri

3.1 Zoyeserera za Laboratory

Bungwe lofufuza kafukufuku lidachita mayeso ofananiza a multistage vertical turbine pump (zigawo: 2950 rpm, 100 m³ / h, 200 m mutu).

3.2 Zitsanzo Zogwiritsira Ntchito Mafakitale

● Petrochemical Circulation Pump Retrofit: Malo oyeretsera adachepetsa kusiyana kwa ma impeller kuchokera ku 0.4 mm kufika ku 0.28 mm, kukwaniritsa kupulumutsa mphamvu pachaka kwa 120 kW·h ndi kuchepetsa 8% kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.

● Kukonzekera kwa Pump ya Platform ya Offshore: Kugwiritsa ntchito laser interferometry kuti muwongolere kusiyana (± 0.02 mm), mphamvu ya voliyumu ya mpope imachokera ku 81% mpaka 89%, kuthetsa nkhani zogwedezeka chifukwa cha mipata yambiri.

4. Kukhathamiritsa Njira ndi Kukhazikitsa Masitepe

4.1 Chitsanzo cha Masamu cha Gap Optimization

Kutengera malamulo ofananira a pampu yapakati ndi ma coefficients owongolera, ubale pakati pa kusiyana ndi kuchita bwino ndi:

η = η₀(1 − k·δD)

pamene δ ndiye kusiyana kwake, D ndiye m'mimba mwake ya choyikapo, ndipo k ndi choyezera chowoneka bwino (nthawi zambiri 0.1-0.3).

4.2 Technologies Key Implementation

●Kupanga Mwachilungamo: Makina a CNC ndi zida zogayira zimakwaniritsa kulondola kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mita (IT7-IT8) kwa ma impellers ndi ma casings.

●Muyeso wa In-Situ: Zida zamakina a laser ndi ma ultrasound makulidwe amagetsi amawunika mipata panthawi ya msonkhano kuti apewe kupatuka.

● Kusintha Kwamphamvu: Pazinthu zotentha kwambiri kapena zowononga, mphete zosindikizira zosinthika zokhala ndi bolt-based-tuning bwino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

4.3 Kuganizira

● Friction-Wear Balance: Mipata yocheperako imawonjezera kuvala kwa makina; kuuma kwakuthupi (mwachitsanzo, Cr12MoV ya ma impellers, HT250 ya ma casings) ndi machitidwe ogwirira ntchito ayenera kukhala oyenera.

● Malipiro Okulitsa Kutentha: Mipata yosungidwa (0.03-0.05 mm) ndiyofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, mapampu amafuta otentha).

5. Zochitika Zam'tsogolo

●Mapangidwe A digito: Ma AI-based optimization algorithms (mwachitsanzo, ma genetic algorithms) adzazindikira mwachangu mipata yabwino.

●Kupanga Zowonjezera: Kusindikiza kwa Metal 3D kumathandizira mapangidwe ophatikizika a ma impeller-casing, kuchepetsa zolakwika za msonkhano.

●Kuwunika Mwanzeru: Masensa a Fiber-optic ophatikizidwa ndi mapasa a digito amathandizira kuwunika kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kulosera zakuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito.

Kutsiliza

Kukhathamiritsa kwa impeller gap ndi imodzi mwama njira achindunji olimbikitsira mphamvu zamapope amtundu wambiri. Kuphatikiza kupanga mwatsatanetsatane, kusintha kwamphamvu, komanso kuwunika mwanzeru kumatha kupeza phindu la 5-15%, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndikuchepetsa mtengo wokonza. Ndi kupita patsogolo pakupanga ndi kusanthula, kukhathamiritsa kwa kusiyana kudzasinthika kukhala kulondola kwambiri komanso luntha, kukhala ukadaulo wofunikira pakubwezeretsanso mphamvu zapampu.

Zindikirani: Mayankho aukadaulo ogwira ntchito ayenera kuphatikiza katundu wapakatikati, momwe amagwirira ntchito, komanso zopinga zamtengo wapatali, zotsimikiziridwa ndi kusanthula kwa mtengo wa moyo (LCC).