The horizontal split case mapampu ndizosankha zotchuka m'zomera zambiri chifukwa ndizosavuta, zodalirika, zopepuka komanso zophatikizika pamapangidwe. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito nkhani yogawa mapampu achulukira m'mapulogalamu ambiri, monga ma process application, pazifukwa zinayi:

1. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wosindikiza pampu ya centrifugal

2. Chidziwitso chamakono ndi chitsanzo cha makina amadzimadzi ndi machitidwe ozungulira

3. Njira zopangira zapamwamba kuti apange magawo ozungulira olondola ndi misonkhano yovuta pamtengo wokwanira

4.Kutha kuchepetsa kuwongolera pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono wowongolera, makamaka ma drive amakono osinthika (VSDs)

Pankhani yodalirika, phokoso la pampu liyenera kusamala kwambiri mosasamala kanthu za momwe ntchito ikugwiritsidwira ntchito. Panthawi yosankha, kukonza malo ogwiritsira ntchito ntchito kungatanthauze kusiyana pakati pa kusunga ndalama ndi kutaya ndalama.

Best Efficiency Point

Malo abwino kwambiri (BEP) ndi malo omwe chopingasa split case mpope ndiyokhazikika kwambiri. Ngati mpope ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kutali ndi malo a BEP, sizidzangowonjezera kuwonjezereka kwa katundu wosagwirizana - katunduyo nthawi zambiri amafika pamtunda wakufa, komanso (nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito) amachepetsa kudalirika kwa mpope ndi moyo wa zigawo zake.

Mapangidwe a mpope nthawi zambiri amatsimikizira momwe angagwiritsire ntchito bwino, koma mpope nthawi zambiri uyenera kuyendetsedwa mkati mwa 80% mpaka 109% ya BEP. Izi ndizoyenera koma sizothandiza, ndipo ogwiritsira ntchito ambiri ayenera kudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito bwino asanasankhe pampu.

Mphamvu yofunikira ya net positive suction head pressure (NPSHR) nthawi zambiri imachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a mpope malinga ndi BEP. Mukamagwira ntchito bwino pakuyenda kwa BEP, kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono mu ndime yoyamwa ndi mapaipi amatsika kwambiri pansi pa NPSHR. Izi kuthamanga dontho kungayambitse cavitation ndi kuwonongeka kwa mpope mbali.

Zigawo za pampu zikayamba kukalamba, zovomerezeka zatsopano zimayamba. Madzi opopa amayamba kubwereza pafupipafupi (kubwerera kwamkati - cholembera cha salon) kuposa pomwe mpope unali watsopano. Kubwerezabwereza kumatha kuwononga mphamvu ya mpope.

Ogwiritsa ntchito akuyenera kuyang'ana momwe pampu imagwirira ntchito pa mbiri yonse yogwira ntchito. Mapampu omwe amagwira ntchito yotseka kapena ntchito yobwezeretsa (yokhala ndi machitidwe odutsa - cholembera cha salon) iyenera kuyendetsedwa pafupi ndi BEP kapena mkati mwa 5% mpaka 10% kumanzere kwa BEP. M'chidziwitso changa, machitidwe otsekedwa otsekedwa samasamala pang'ono pamapiritsi a pampu.

M'malo mwake, ena ogwira ntchito samayang'ana njira zina zogwirira ntchito kapena kuthamangitsidwa kwamayendedwe pamapope. Mayendedwe a ntchito zobwezeretsanso amatha kusiyanasiyana, ndichifukwa chake ogwiritsira ntchito ayenera kupeza ndikuwunika zonse zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamapindi a mpope.

Mfundo Zogwirira Ntchito Kwambiri

Muutumiki wotumiza zambiri, kugawanika kopingasa pompa kake amasamutsa zamadzimadzi kuchokera m'chidebe kapena thanki yokhala ndi milingo yamadzi yosiyana siyana pamadoko oyamwa ndi otulutsa. Pampu imatulutsa madzi pa doko loyamwa ndikudzaza chidebe kapena thanki pamalo othamangitsira. Ntchito zina zotumizira zambiri zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve olamulira, omwe angasinthe kwambiri kusiyana kwa kusiyana.

Mutu wa pampu umasintha nthawi zonse, koma kusintha kwasintha kungakhale kwakukulu kapena kochepa.

Pali magawo awiri ogwiritsira ntchito mopitirira muyeso muutumiki wotumiza zambiri, imodzi pamutu wapamwamba kwambiri ndi ina yotsika kwambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito ena amafananiza molakwika BEP ya mpope ndi malo ogwirira ntchito pamutu wapamwamba kwambiri ndikuyiwala zofunikira zina zamutu.

Pampu yosankhidwa idzagwira ntchito kumanja kwa BEP, kupereka ntchito yosadalirika komanso yocheperapo. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa mpopeyo ndi wokulirapo kuti ugwire ntchito pamutu wapamwamba kwambiri pafupi ndi BEP, mpopeyo ndi wokulirapo kuposa momwe umayenera kukhalira.

Kusankha pampu molakwika pamalo otsika kwambiri opangira mutu kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, kutsika pang'ono, kugwedezeka kwambiri, chisindikizo chachifupi ndi kubala moyo, komanso kudalirika kochepa. Zinthu zonsezi zimatha kukulitsa kwambiri ndalama zoyambira komanso zogwirira ntchito, kuphatikiza nthawi yocheperako yosakonzekera.

Kupeza mfundo yapakati

Kusankha kwapampu yopingasa yopingasa yopingasa kwambiri pa ntchito yosinthira zinthu zambiri kumadalira kupeza malo ogwirira ntchito kumutu wapamwamba kumanzere kwa BEP kapena kumutu wotsikitsitsa kumanja kwa BEP.

Mphepete mwa mpope wotsatira uyenera kuphatikizapo malo ogwiritsira ntchito omwe amaganizira zinthu zina monga NPSHR. Pampu iyenera kugwira ntchito pafupi ndi BEP, yomwe ndi malo apakati pakati pa mitu yapamwamba kwambiri ndi yotsika kwambiri, nthawi zambiri.

Kawirikawiri, malo onse ogwira ntchito ayenera kuzindikiridwa ndikuwunika ntchito yapampu pazigawo zonse zomwe zingatheke.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi momwe mpope amagwirira ntchito, ndipo pamene ntchito ya mpope imachepetsedwa pang'ono, malo ogwiritsira ntchito pampu pamphepete mwapopo amayesedwa. Pazinthu zina zapampu, monga ntchito yotumiza zambiri, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitu yapamwamba kwambiri ndi yotsika kwambiri, ndi liwiro losinthika la centrifugal pu.