Pa ntchito ya nkhani yogawa mapampu, kugwedezeka kosavomerezeka sikufunidwa, chifukwa kugwedezeka sikungowononga chuma ndi mphamvu, komanso kumapanga phokoso losafunikira, komanso kuwononga mpope, zomwe zingayambitse ngozi zazikulu ndi kuwonongeka. Kugwedezeka wamba kumachitika ndi zifukwa zotsatirazi.

1. Cavitation

Cavitation nthawi zambiri imapanga mphamvu zamafupipafupi zamtundu wamtundu, nthawi zina zokhala ndi ma blade pass frequency harmonics (zochuluka). Cavitation ndi chizindikiro cha mutu wosakwanira wokomera bwino (NPSH). Pamene madzi opopedwa amayenda m'madera ena amtundu wa otaya pazifukwa zina, kuthamanga kwathunthu kwamadzimadzi kumachepa mpaka kupanikizika kwa nthunzi (vaporization pressure) yamadzimadzi pa kutentha kwa mpweya, madzi amatuluka pano, kutulutsa nthunzi, ma Bubbles. amapangidwa; panthawi imodzimodziyo, mpweya wosungunuka mumadzimadzi udzasungunukanso mu mawonekedwe a thovu, kupanga magawo awiri otaya m'deralo. Pamene kuwirako kusunthira kumalo othamanga kwambiri, madzi othamanga kwambiri ozungulira phokosolo amatha kusungunuka, kutsika ndi kuphulika. Panthawi yomwe kuwirako kusungunuka, kucheperachepera, ndikuphulika, madzi ozungulira kuwirako adzadzaza patsekeke (opangidwa ndi condensation ndi kuphulika) pa liwiro lalikulu, kutulutsa mphamvu yodabwitsa. Njira iyi yopangira thovu ndi kuphulika kwa thovu kuwononga magawo odutsa ndi njira ya cavitation ya mpope. Kugwa kwa thovu la nthunzi kumatha kuwononga kwambiri ndipo kumatha kuwononga mpope ndi choyikapo. Pamene cavitation imapezeka mu mpope wogawanika, zimamveka ngati "miyala" kapena "miyala" ikudutsa pampopi. Pokhapokha pamene NPSH yofunikira ya mpope (NPSHR) ili yotsika kuposa NPSH ya chipangizo (NPSHA) ikhoza kupewedwa cavitation.

2. Kuthamanga kwa pampu

Pump pulsation ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimachitika pamene pampu ikugwira ntchito pafupi ndi mutu wake wotseka. Kugwedezeka mu nthawi ya waveform kudzakhala sinusoidal. Komanso, chiwonetserochi chidzayendetsedwa ndi 1X RPM ndi ma frequency a blade pass. Komabe, nsonga izi zidzakhala zosasinthika, zikuwonjezeka ndi kuchepera pamene kutuluka kwa pulsation kumachitika. Kupimidwa kwa chitoliro cha mpope kumasinthasintha mmwamba ndi pansi. Ngati ndipompa yogawachotuluka chimakhala ndi valavu yoyendera, mkono wa valavu ndi wopingasawo umabwerera mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo, kuwonetsa kuyenda kosakhazikika.

3. Pampu yapampu imapindika

Vuto lopindika la shaft limayambitsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu kwa axial, kusiyana kwa gawo la axial kumafikira 180 ° pa rotor yomweyo. Ngati kupindika kuli pafupi pakati pa shaft, kugwedezeka kwakukulu kumachitika pa 1X RPM; koma ngati kupindika kuli pafupi ndi kulumikizana, kugwedezeka kwakukulu kumachitika pa 2X RPM. Zimakhala zofala kuti shaft ya mpope imapinda kapena pafupi ndi cholumikizira. Dial gauge ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsimikizira kupotoza kwa shaft.

4. Wopanda pompopompo cholumikizira

Mapampu ophatikizika amayenera kukhala olingana ndi omwe amapanga pampu yoyambirira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa mphamvu zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kusalinganika zimatha kukhudza kwambiri moyo wa mayendedwe a pampu (moyo wokhala ndi moyo umagwirizana mosagwirizana ndi cube ya katundu wogwiritsidwa ntchito). Mapampu amatha kukhala ndi zopachikidwa pakati kapena zomangira za cantilever. Ngati choyimitsacho chapachikidwa pakati, kusalinganika kwa mphamvu kumaposa kusalinganika kwa awiriwo. Pamenepa, kugwedezeka kwapamwamba kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumakhala kozungulira (kopingasa ndi kuima). Kukula kwakukulu kudzakhala pa liwiro la pampu (1X RPM). Pankhani ya kusalinganika kwa mphamvu, magawo osakanikirana ndi apakati adzakhala pafupifupi ofanana (+/- 30 °) monga magawo oima. Kuphatikiza apo, magawo opingasa komanso oyima a pampu iliyonse amasiyana pafupifupi 90° (+/- 30°). Mwa kapangidwe kake, choyikapo choyimitsidwa chapakati chimakhala ndi mphamvu zofananira za axial pamayendedwe amkati ndi akunja. Kugwedezeka kokwezeka kwa axial ndi chisonyezo champhamvu kuti chopondera chatsekedwa ndi zinthu zakunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugwedezeka kwa axial kuchuluke pama liwiro ogwiritsira ntchito. Ngati pampu ili ndi choponderetsa cha cantilevered, izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa axial ndi ma radial 1X RPM. Kuwerenga kwa axial kumakhala kokhazikika komanso kokhazikika, pomwe ma cantilevered rotor okhala ndi ma radial phase omwe atha kukhala osakhazikika amakhala ndi mphamvu komanso kusamvana kwa banja, chilichonse chomwe chingafune kuwongolera. Chifukwa chake, zolemetsa zosintha nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa pa ndege ziwiri kuti zithetse mphamvu komanso kusalinganiza kwa mabanja. Pachifukwa ichi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kuchotsa rotor yapampu ndikuyiyika pa makina osakanikirana kuti azitha kuwongolera moyenera monga ndege za 2 nthawi zambiri sizipezeka pa malo ogwiritsira ntchito.

5. Kusokoneza shaft pampu

Kuwongolera molakwika kwa shaft ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chili pampopi yoyendetsa molunjika pomwe mizere yapakati ya ma shaft awiri olumikizidwa sagwirizana. Kusagwirizana kofanana ndi momwe mizere yapakati ya shaft imayenderana koma yosagwirizana. Mawonekedwe a vibration nthawi zambiri amawonetsa 1X, 2X, 3X ... apamwamba, ndipo muzovuta kwambiri, ma harmonics apamwamba amawonekera. Pamalo ozungulira, gawo lolumikizana Kusiyana ndi 180 °. Angular misalignment idzawonetsa axial 1X yapamwamba, 2X ndi 3X, 180 ° gawo kunja kwa gawo pamapeto onse a kugwirizana.

6. Vuto lokhala ndi mpope

Kukwera kwapafupipafupi kosagwirizana (kuphatikiza ma harmonics) ndizizindikiro za kuvala koyenda. Moyo wocheperako pamapampu ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri umakhala chifukwa cha kusasankhidwa koyenera kwa ntchito, monga katundu wochulukirapo, mafuta osakwanira kapena kutentha kwambiri. Ngati mtundu wonyamula ndi wopanga amadziwika, pafupipafupi kulephera kwa mphete yakunja, mphete yamkati, zinthu zopukutira ndi khola zitha kutsimikizika. Kulephera kwamtunduwu kwamtunduwu kumatha kupezeka m'matebulo omwe ali mu mapulogalamu ambiri a predictive maintenance (PdM) lero.