1. Axial Force Generation and Bancing Principles

Mphamvu za axial mu multistage  mapampu oyimirira a turbine  amapangidwa makamaka ndi zigawo ziwiri:

● Centrifugal force component:Kuthamanga kwamadzimadzi chifukwa cha mphamvu yapakati kumapangitsa kusiyana kwapakati pakati pa zophimba zakutsogolo ndi zakumbuyo za choyikapo, zomwe zimapangitsa mphamvu ya axial (yomwe imalunjika ku cholowera cholowera).

● Masiyanidwe amphamvu:Kuchulukana kwapakati pagawo lililonse kumawonjezera mphamvu ya axial.

Njira zofananira:

● Dongosolo la zochizira:Kugwiritsa ntchito zopangira zoyamwa kawiri (zamadzimadzi zimalowa m'mbali zonse ziwiri) zimachepetsa kusiyanasiyana kwapang'onopang'ono, kutsitsa mphamvu ya axial kumlingo wovomerezeka (10% -30%).

● Kapangidwe kabowo:Mabowo a radial kapena oblique mu chivundikiro chakumbuyo amalozeranso madzi othamanga kulowera, kugwirizanitsa kusiyana kwa kuthamanga. Kukula kwa dzenje kuyenera kukongoletsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mawerengedwe amadzimadzi kuti asawonongeke.

● Mapangidwe a blade mmbuyo:Kuwonjezera masamba obwerera m'mbuyo (mosiyana ndi masamba akuluakulu) pamapeto omaliza kumapanga mphamvu yotsutsa-centrifugal kuti athetse katundu wa axial. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapampu amutu wapamwamba (mwachitsanzo, mapampu amtundu wambiri).

2. Ma Radial Load Generation and Balancing

Ma radial amachokera ku mphamvu ya inertia panthawi yozungulira, kugawa kwamphamvu kwamadzimadzi kosagwirizana, komanso kusalinganiza kotsalira mu misa ya rotor. Kuchuluka kwa ma radial m'mapampu amitundu yambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kutenthedwa, kugwedezeka, kapena kusalumikizana bwino kwa rotor.

Kusanja Njira:

● Kukhathamiritsa kwa symmetry ya impeller:

o Kufananiza kwa masamba (mwachitsanzo, masamba 5 + 7 masamba) kugawa mphamvu zama radial mofanana.

o Kulinganiza kwamphamvu kumawonetsetsa kuti centroid ya choyika chilichonse chigwirizane ndi axis yozungulira, kuchepetsa kusalinganika kotsalira.

● Kulimbikitsa:

o Nyumba zolimba zapakati zimaletsa kusamuka kwa ma radial.

o Ma fani ophatikizika (mwachitsanzo, mizere iwiri yokhomerera mpira + yozungulira yozungulira) imanyamula katundu wa axial ndi ma radial padera.

● Malipiro a Hydraulic:

o Kuwongolera mavane kapena zipinda zobwerera m'malo owongolera amawongolera njira zoyenda, kuchepetsa mafunde akumaloko komanso kusinthasintha kwamphamvu.

3. Katundu Kutumiza mu Multi-Stage Impellers

Mphamvu za Axial zimadziunjikira mwanzeru ndipo ziyenera kuyendetsedwa kuti zipewe kupsinjika:

● Kusanja mwanzeru:Kuyika disk yolinganiza (mwachitsanzo, pamapampu apakati apakati) amagwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kwa axial gap pressure kuti asinthe mphamvu za axial.

● Kukhathamiritsa:Mapampu amapangidwa ndi aloyi amphamvu kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, 42CrMo) ndipo amatsimikiziridwa kudzera mu kusanthula kwazinthu zomalizidwa (FEA) kuti athe kupotoza malire (nthawi zambiri ≤ 0.1 mm/m).

4. Nkhani Yainjiniya ndi Kutsimikizira Kuwerengera

Chitsanzo:Pampu yamagetsi yamitundu yambiri (masitepe 6, mutu wonse 300 m, kuthamanga kwa 200 m³ / h):

● Kuwerengera mphamvu ya Axial:

o Kapangidwe koyambirira (cholowera kumodzi): F=K⋅ρ⋅g⋅Q2⋅H (K=1.2−1.5), kupangitsa 1.8×106N.

o Mutatha kutembenuzidwa kukhala chopopera choyamwa kawiri ndikuwonjezera mabowo: Mphamvu ya Axial yachepetsedwa kufika 5 × 105N, kukwaniritsa miyezo ya API 610 (≤1.5 × oveteredwa mphamvu torque).

● Kayeseleledwe ka katundu wa radial:

o ANSYS Fluent CFD idawulula nsonga zamphamvu zakumaloko (mpaka 12 kN/m²) m'mapeyala osakhazikika. Kubweretsa mavane owongolera adachepetsa nsonga ndi 40% ndikupirira kutentha ndi 15°C.

5. Zofunika Zopangira Mapangidwe ndi Zoganizira

● Malire a mphamvu ya Axial: Kawirikawiri ≤ 30% ya mphamvu ya shaft shaft, ndi kutentha kwa thrust ≤ 70 ° C.

● Kuwongolera kwa chowongolera: Kusungidwa pakati pa 0.2-0.5 mm (kang'ono kwambiri kumayambitsa mikangano; yaikulu kwambiri imayambitsa kutayikira).

● Kuyesa kwamphamvu: Mayesero othamanga kwambiri (G2.5 grade) amatsimikizira kukhazikika kwadongosolo musanayambe kutumidwa.

Kutsiliza

Kuyanjanitsa katundu wa axial ndi ma radial mu mapampu a turbine of multistage of vertical turbine ndivuto laumisiri wamakina okhudzana ndi mphamvu zamadzimadzi, kapangidwe ka makina, ndi sayansi yazinthu. Kuwongolera ma impeller geometry, kuphatikiza zida zofananira, ndi njira zopangira zolondola zimakulitsa kudalirika kwa mpope komanso moyo wautali. Kupita patsogolo kwamtsogolo pakuyerekeza kwa manambala koyendetsedwa ndi AI ndi kupanga zowonjezera kudzathandiziranso mapangidwe amunthu payekha komanso kukhathamiritsa kwamphamvu.

Zindikirani: Mapangidwe amomwe amapangidwira ntchito zinazake (monga zinthu zamadzimadzi, liwiro, kutentha) ziyenera kutsata miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi monga API ndi ISO.