Liwiro lobwerera kumbuyo limatanthauza liwiro (lomwe limatchedwanso liwiro lobwerera, liwiro lobwerera) la apampu yakuya ya turbine yakuya bwinomadzimadzi akamadutsa pa mpope molowera chakumbuyo pansi pa mutu wina (ndiko kuti, kusiyana kwa mutu wonse pakati pa chitoliro chotulutsa mpope ndi chitoliro choyamwa).

Izi zitha kuchitika m'makina omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe opindika okhala ndi mutu wokhazikika (Hsys, 0), komanso pamapampu akuya osunthika a turbine omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi. 

Pampu yamagetsi ikatsekedwa mosayembekezereka, valavu yoyang'ana potuluka imalephera, ndipo payipi yotulutsira imatseguka, njira yamadzimadzi kudzera papope imasinthidwa, ndipo rotor yapampu imazunguliranso liwiro lakumbuyo pambuyo pakusintha kwamayendedwe.

Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kumakhala kokwera kwambiri kuposa kuthamanga kwanthawi zonse ndipo zimatengera momwe zinthu ziliri (makamaka kuthamanga kwapano) komanso liwiro lenileni la mpope (ns). Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwapampu yamadzimadzi (ns ≈ 40 r/min) ndi pafupifupi 25% kuposa kuthamanga kwapampopi komweko, pomwe kuthamanga kwambiri kwapampu ya axial flow pump (ns ≥ 100 r/min). ) ndi apamwamba kuposa liwiro lanthawi zonse la mpope. Imathamanga 100% mwachangu.

Zinthu zogwirira ntchitozi zikhoza kuchitikanso ngati chinthu chotseka chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga (nyundo yamadzi) si valve yotsegula koma chinthu chotseka pang'onopang'ono. Madzi ambiri obwezedwa amatha kutuluka kudzera papampu yakuya yoyimirira bwino.

Ngati kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kumayambitsidwa ndi kulephera kwa mphamvu mu galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto ndipo palibe valve yowunikira yomwe imayikidwa, shaft yapampu idzazunguliranso mosiyana. Panthawiyi, kuyeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa kuopsa kokhala ndi ma bearings omveka bwino ndi zisindikizo zamakina zomwe zimangogwira ntchito kumbali imodzi yozungulira, komanso kumasula zomangira za ulusi pazitsulo zozungulira.

Ngati sing'anga yobwererayo ili pafupi ndi kuwirako, sing'angayo imatha kusungunuka pamene mpope kapena chipangizo chopondereza chatsika.

Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mpweya wokhala ndi nthunzi (kubwerera) motsutsana ndi kutuluka kwamadzimadzi, ngati ntchito ya masikweya a chiŵerengero cha madzi/ nthunzi kachulukidwe, kungakwere kufika pamtengo woopsa kwambiri.

Ngati galimoto yoyendetsa imayatsidwa pampu yakuya yoyimirira yozungulira yomwe imazungulira mbali ina yozungulira, nthawi yoyambira pampu idzakhala yayitali kwambiri. M'malo ogwirira ntchito awa, kwa ma asynchronous motors, kutentha kowonjezera kwa injini kuyeneranso kudziwidwa.

Njira zoyenera zokha zomwe zingatengedwe kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa pampu yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwambiri kobwerera.

Njira zoyeserera zopewera kuthamanga kobwerera kuti zisakwere kwambiri ndi monga:

1) Ikani makina oletsa-reverse chipangizo (monga chipangizo chotsekera kumbuyo) pa shaft pampu;

2) Ikani valavu yodalirika yodzitsekera yokha (monga swing check valve) pa chitoliro chotulutsa mpope.

Chidziwitso: Chipangizo chotsutsa-reverse chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuletsa mpope kuti asabwerere m'mbuyo. Pakati pawo, chipangizo chotchinga chakumbuyo chimagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo yozungulira kutsogolo popanda chopinga. Njira yozungulira ya shaft ikasinthidwa, kuzungulira kwa rotor kudzayimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo.